Lyubov Alexandrovna Golanchikova

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Lyubov Alexandrovna Golanchikova (1912)

Lyubov Alexandrovna Golanchikova ( Russian Любовь Александровна Голанчикова ; * 1889 in Fellin ; † March 28, 1959 in New York City ) was a Russian - American test pilot .

Life

Golanchikova was the sixth child of postal worker Alexander Golanchikov, who died shortly after she was born. Her widowed mother Olga Golantschikowa married Karl Grünwald in 1890.

In 1910 Golanchikova went to St. Petersburg to become an accountant, as his stepfather wanted . Although she began studying at a business school, she then performed as an actress, singer and dancer in entertainment venues. In April 1910, Golanchikova and friends visited the 18-day air show at the St. Petersburg Hippodrome , where Russian pilots , Hubert Latham and the first female pilot, Baroness Raymonde de Laroche, performed. After the All-Russian Aviation Festival at the new Komendantski Aerodrom , she met the pilot Mikhail Nikiforowitsch Jefimow , an electrician from Odessa , who took her on a flight as a guest in the autumn of 1910.

Golanchikova now wanted to become a pilot, so that she could earn the money for flight training in winter. In the spring of 1911, she began her flight training at the Gamajun flight school run by aircraft manufacturer Sergei Sergejewitsch Schtschetinin in Gatchina , where the first Russian pilot Lidija Sverva had already learned earlier and where only one Farman aircraft was available for 20 student pilots. In October 1911, after passing the exam, she completed her training and received the pilot's diploma No. 56 as the third Russian after Swerewa and Evdokija Wassiljewna Anatra .

Since Golanchikova could not find a job as a woman, she accepted the invitation of the Riga department of the All-Russian Aeroclub to fly to air shows in May 1912 . After a crash landing, she returned to St. Petersburg. At the 2nd military flight competition she flew various new aircraft, whose advantages and disadvantages she then named. Then she spoke to Anton Herman Gerard Fokker and invited her to take part in an international air show in Berlin in autumn 2012 on the new Fokker M.1 Spider . It flew the best aircraft at Johannisthal Fokker's airfield in Berlin and on November 22, 1912 set the world altitude record of 2200 m to Melli Beeses record of 825 m.

In the summer of 1913, Léon Letort landed on a Morane after a non-stop flight from Paris in Johannisthal. He was so impressed by Golanchikova's abilities that, with Fokker's consent, he took her with him as a navigator on his return flight on July 23, 1913 . After the five-day flight with weather problems and an emergency landing near Bray-sur-Seine , Letort and Golantschikowa were celebrated in Paris. There the entrepreneur Fyodor Fyodorowitsch Tereschtschenko offered her a job as a test pilot for the aircraft built in his factory on the Tereschtschenko estate in Chervon . After the end of her contract with Fokker, she transferred a Voisin aircraft for the Imperial Russian Army and began working for Tereschtschenko on December 1, 1913, testing a Farman-22. After the one-year contract expired, she returned to Moscow and married Boris Filipov, the rich bread supplier of the Imperial Russian Army.

During the First World War , Golanchikova transported goods for the Red Cross. In 1917 she flew as a reconnaissance aircraft in the Imperial Russian Air Fleet. After the October Revolution , she flew for the Red Air Fleet , trained pilots and flew missions against the whites in the Russian Civil War .

In October 1923 Golanchikova emigrated with her husband on the RMS Baltic of the White Star Line to the USA , where she became known as Luba Phillips . In June 1927, she and WL Stultz set an altitude record of 3,353 m, which was not recognized due to the lack of a representative from the National Aeronautic Association. She wanted to be the first woman to fly across the Atlantic and developed plans for flights from New York to Rome , London or Leningrad , which she was unable to realize. In 1930 she worked at the Hotel Ansonia in New York City. Her husband died in 1936. She drove a taxi in New York City in the 1940s.

Web links

Commons : Lyubov Golanchikova  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Toivo Kitve: Ljuba Galantschikowa: Biographical Notes 1 (accessed on 8 February 2020).
  2. ↑ a b c d Heili Reinart: Viljandlanna Ljubov Galantchikoff - üks esimesi naisi lennunduses lõpetas New Yorgi taksojuhina (accessed February 8, 2020).
  3. ↑ without title . In: The Intelligencer (Doylestown, Pennsylvania) . April 1, 1959 ( [1] [accessed February 9, 2020]).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Lebow, Eileen F .: Before Amelia: Women Pilots in the Early Days of Aviation . Potomac Books, Inc., Washington, DC 2002, ISBN 978-1-57488-482-1 , pp. 72, 95, 97, 98 .
  5. ↑ a b Захаров Владимир Петрович: Из племени крылатых . Воениздат, Moscow 1988, ISBN 978-5-203-00540-3 , p. 40–41 ( [2] [accessed February 9, 2020]).
  6. ↑ Лавренец В .: Авиатриса — рекордсмен Любовь Голанчикова " (accessed February 9, 2020).
  7. ↑ Ljuba Galantchikova-Estonia . In: Centennial of Women Pilots . Institute for Women Of Aviation Worldwide, Vancouver July 24, 2015 ( [3] [accessed February 9, 2020]).
  8. ^ White, Paul W .: Russian Aviatrix Plans Ocean Flight Alone in Big Plane . In: The Anniston Star . June 19, 1927 ( [4] [accessed February 9, 2020]).
  9. ^ Boris D. Philippoff . In: New York, New York City Municipal Deaths, 1795-1949 . New York Municipal Archives: New York, New York: FamilySearch, April 24, 1936.
  10. ↑ The Flying Ballerina now Spins a Taxi . In: The San Antonio Light . March 26, 1944 ( [5] [accessed February 9, 2020]).
personal data
SURNAME Golanchikova, Lyubov Alexandrovna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Phillips, Luba; Голанчикова, Любовь Александровна (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian test pilot
DATE OF BIRTH 1889
PLACE OF BIRTH Fellin
DATE OF DEATH March 28, 1959
Place of death New York City