Gottfried Diener (classical philologist)

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Gottfried Diener (born May 2, 1907 in Bamberg , †  December 25, 1987 ibid) was a German classical philologist , Goethe researcher , didactic specialist in ancient languages ​​and high school teacher .

Live and act

Diener was born in Bamberg as the second son of the local poet Eduard Diener . After attending the cathedral school, he was a student of the new grammar school for seven years , which his brother Karl had also attended, who was later known in Bamberg as the Franciscan priest under his religious name Gangolph. In 1926 he passed the Abitur at the old grammar school. He then studied classical philology , German literature and history in Munich, Berlin and Würzburg. His teachers included u. a. Eduard Norden , Werner Jaeger and Eduard Schwartz .

After the state examination, Diener received his doctorate on July 5, 1930 in Würzburg on the subject of The Night in German Poetry from Herder to Romanticism (published in 1931). Even after that, his scientific interest lay in this epoch of German intellectual history. In addition to literature, he also devoted himself to music and performed publicly as a baritone at a young age .

After taking the assessor exam, he first taught at high schools in Burghausen , Pirmasens , Munich , Hammelburg , Traunstein and Hof (Saale) . From 1946 to 1952 he returned to his former school, the New Gymnasium in Bamberg, as a teacher. He taught at this school from 1931 to 1934. In terms of didactics, Diener excelled during this time with school editions on Sophocles , Plato and Goethe , which were widely used.

After Diener had to leave school due to illness in 1952, he devoted himself entirely to technical studies. First he completed further studies in psychology and psychotherapy in Munich and attended lectures at the CG Jung Institute in Zurich. Here he laid the second foundation stone for his further research. In his three works Faust's way to Helena: Urphänomen und Archetypus , Pandora . Regarding Goethe's metaphor and Goethe's purple: Healing a "madness" through "psychological cure" , he combines the depth psychological view with the philological approach and thus shows a new dimension in the interpretation of symbols and images as archetypes. Diener's significant work found recognition not only in the Germanic specialist world, but also among depth psychologists, far beyond the borders of Germany. Gottfried Diener had become an internationally recognized Goethe researcher.

Diener continued to research into the last days of his life, studying dreams in German romanticism . He intended to compare and interpret the psychological and parapsychological teachings of Romanticism (especially at ETA Hoffmann ) with modern depth psychological knowledge. Diener's scientific legacy is kept in the Bamberg City Archives.

The eulogy at Diener's funeral was given by his former student Günter Wojaczek .

Publications (selection)

  • The night in German poetry from Herder to Romanticism. St. Otto Verlag, Bamberg 1931.
  • The broken jug: a comedy / Heinrich von Kleist. Introduction and explanations by Gottfried Diener. Bavarian Publishing House, Bamberg 1950.
  • Egmont: A tragedy in 5 acts / Johann Wolfgang Goethe. Introduction and explanations by Gottfried Diener. Bavarian Publishing House, Bamberg 1950.
  • King Oedipus / Sophocles. Translated by JJC Donner, edited, introduced and explained by Gottfried Diener. Bavarian Publishing House, Bamberg 1950.
  • Crito / Plato. Introduction and explanations by Gottfried Diener. Bayerische Verlagsanstalt, Bamberg 1951.
  • Faust's path to Helena: the primal phenomenon and archetype. Representation and interpretation of a symbolic sequence of scenes from Goethe's Faust. Klett, Stuttgart 1961.
  • Pandora. On Goethe's metaphor: origin, epoch, interpretation of the festival. Gehlen, Bad Homburg vd H. / Berlin / Zurich, 1968.
  • Goethe's purple: healing of "madness" through "psychic cure". Comparative interpretation of the 3 versions. With unprinted texts and notes and an appendix on psychological cures from Goethe's time and psychodrama. Athenäum-Verlag, Frankfurt a. M. 1971.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 50 years of the Neues Gymnasium Bamberg 1890-1940: Festschrift on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the institution (October 1, 1940) , Ed. Director of Studies Julius Andreae, Dr. Otto-Verlag Schrödter, Bamberg 1940, page 17.
  2. ↑ Reiss, HS (rec.): SERVANT, GOTTFRIED: Faust's way to Helena. Primordial phenomenon and archetype. Representation and interpretation of a symbolic sequence of scenes from Goethe's Faust. In: The German Quarterly 38, 1965, pp. 73-74.
  3. ↑ Golz, Jochen: A Political Entrée? Goethe's elective affinities in the context of the sonnet cycle of 1807 and the Pandora poetry. In: Hühn, Helmut (Hrsg.): Goethe's »Wahlverwandationen«: work and research. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2010, p. 74 (online version at Google Books)
  4. ^ Tobin, Robert D .: Doctor's orders. Goethe and Enlightenment thought. Rosemont Publishing, Cranbury (NJ) 2001, p. 197 (online version at Google Books)
  5. ^ Literature portal Bavaria .
personal data
SURNAME Servant, Gottfried
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Goethe researcher and high school teacher
DATE OF BIRTH May 2, 1907
PLACE OF BIRTH Bamberg
DATE OF DEATH December 25, 1987
Place of death Bamberg