Green crowned nymph

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Green crowned nymph
Green crowned nymph

Green crowned nymph

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Genre : Thalurania hummingbirds ( Thalurania )
Type : Green crowned nymph
Scientific name
Thalurania colombica fannyae
( Delattre & Bourcier , 1846)

The green-crowned nymph ( Thalurania colombica fannyae ) is a subspecies of the violet- crowned nymph . The species has a large range that covers about 130,000 square kilometers in the South American countries Colombia , Ecuador and Peru, as well as the Central American country Panama . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

The green-crowned nymph reaches a body length of about 9.5 to 10 centimeters. The black beak becomes about 20 millimeters long. The male is predominantly glittering green. This includes his crown as well. The upper part of the wing and parts of the back are shimmering blue. The lower part of the wing and the tail flow over a dark green to brownish. In contrast to the male, the female is white or light gray on the underside.

Habitat

The green-crowned nymph is mainly seen in damp forests and secondary forests. The hummingbird can also be seen in clearings when foraging. Often you can also discover them in the thicket of the Heliconias . The nymphs are most widespread in slightly mountainous areas bordering flatlands.

Subspecies

Distribution of the green-crowned nymph

Until recently, the green-crowned nymph ( Thalurania fannyi ) was considered to be an independent species because of the color of the skull and phylogenetic considerations. Later analyzes doubt this separation. The South American Classification Committee agrees and calls for further research on this complex issue. Authors who see the green-crowned nymph as a species of their own assign the following subspecies:

  • Thalurania fannyi fannyi ( Delattre & Bourcier , 1846)
  • Thalurania fannyi hypochlora Gould , 1871
  • Thalurania fannyi subtropicalis Griscom , 1932
  • Thalurania fannyi verticeps ( Gould , 1851)

The subspecies fannyi is found in the east of Panama and the extreme northwest to southwest of Colombia. The subtropicalis subspecies is native to the valley of the Río Cauca and near the western and central Andes of Colombia. On the Pacific coast slopes of the western Andes in the extreme southwest of Colombia to the northwest of Ecuador one encounters the ssp. verticeps . The spp. hypochlora can be seen in the Ecuadorian lowlands of the Pacific.

Etymology and history of research

Adolphe Delattre and Jules Bourcier described the green-crowned nymph under the name Trochilus Fannyi . She named the Río Dagua near Santa Buenaventura in Colombia as the site. Only later was the species assigned to the genus Thalurania , which John Gould introduced in 1848 for a subspecies of the swallow nymph ( Thalurania furcata viridipectus ). »Thalurania« is derived from the Greek words »thalos, τηαλοσ « for »child, descendant« and »ouranos, οὐρανός « for »heaven«. The word "fannyae, fannyi" is dedicated to Fanny Wilson, the wife of Edward Wilson (1808–1880). "Subtropicalis" refers to the subtropical zone north of the 1,435 meter high mountainous landscape of Pirre in the province of Darién in southeastern Panama. "Verticeps" is derived from the Latin word "virens" (French: vert) for "green" and "-ceps, caput" for "-headed, head". »Hypochlora« has its origin in the Greek words »hupo ηθπο « for »below« and »khloros, χλωρός « for »green-yellow«.

literature

  • Robert S. Ridgely , John A. Gwynne: A Guide to the Birds of Panama. With Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras. Princeton University Press, 1992, ISBN 0-691-02512-6 , pp. 213 ff.
  • Thomas Schulenberg , Douglas F. Stotz , Daniel F. Lane: Birds of Peru. Princeton University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-691-04915-1 , p. 220.
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Adolphe Delattre , Jules Bourcier: Description de quinze espèce nouvelle de Trochilidèe, faisant partie de collections rapportées par M. Ad. De Lattre dont le précédentes excursions ont déjà enrichi plusieurs branches de L'histoire naturelle, et provenant de L'intérieur de Pérou, de républiques de l'Équateur, de la Nouvelle-Grenade et del'isthme de Panama . In: Revue Zoologique par La Société Cuvierienne . tape 9 , 1846, pp. 305-312 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed May 7, 2014]).
  • John Gould: Drafts for a new arrangement of the Trochilidae . In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London . tape 16 , no. 180 , 1848, pp. 11-14 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed May 7, 2014]).
  • John Gould: Trochilus (Thalurania) Verticeps . In: William Jardine (Ed.): Contributions to Ornithology . Samuel Highley, London 1851, p. 79 ( books.google.de [accessed on May 7, 2014]).
  • John Gould: Mr. Gould brought under the Notice of the meeting two new species of Humming-birds, which he believed to be new to science, and for which he proposed the names of Chaetocerus bombus and Thalurania hypochlora . In: Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London for the Year 1870 . tape 3 , December 1870, p. 803-804 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed May 7, 2014]).
  • Ludlow Griscom: The ornithology of the Caribbean coast of extreme eastern Panama . In: Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College . tape 72 , no. 9 , 1932, pp. 303-372 ( biodiversitylibrary.org [accessed May 7, 2014]).
  • Patricia Escalante-Pliego, Andrew Townsend Peterson: Geographic Variation and Species Limits in Middle American Woodnymphs (Thalurania) . In: Wilson Bulletin . tape 104 , no. 2 , 1992, p. 205–219 (English, sora.unm.edu [PDF; 765 kB ; accessed on May 7, 2014]).
  • Thomas Michael Donegan: Range extensions and other notes on the birds and conservation of the Serranía de San Lucas, an isolated mountain range in northern Colombia . In: Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club . tape 132 , no. 3 , 2012, p. 140-161 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Patricia Escalante-Pliego, pp. 205 ff.
  2. ↑ Thomas Michael Donegan, pp. 140 ff.
  3. ^ Proposal (558) to South American Classification Committee Treat Thalurania fannyi and Thalurania colombica as conspecific
  4. ↑ Adolphe Delattre et al. a., p. 310.
  5. ^ John Gould 1871 (1870), p. 804.
  6. ↑ a b Ludlow Griscom, p. 337.
  7. ^ John Gould (1851), p. 79.
  8. ↑ a b Adolphe Delattre u. a., p. 311.
  9. ^ John Gould (1848), p. 13.
  10. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 383.
  11. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 400.
  12. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 198.