Graduale Romanum

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Beginning of the Kyrie of the Missa Orbis factor in the score of the Graduale Romanum .

The Graduale Romanum is the central chorale book of the Roman Catholic Church. It contains all the pieces of Gregorian chant that are to be sung by the Schola and Cantor at the celebration of Mass in square notation . The corresponding book for the celebration of the Liturgy of the Hours is the antiphonal . The Kyriale contains an extract from the Graduale Romanum, mainly the Ordinarium of Holy Mass.

history

Inside title of the Graduale Romanum from 1973 (edition: 1979)

The edition of the Gradual prepared after the Council of Trent 1577/78 by Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina and Annibale Zoilo (* around 1537, † 1592) was published by Pope Gregory XIII. not released for printing and only appeared in private prints (Venice 1580 etc.): A first authentic edition of the gradual, the Medicæa , is attested to from 1614.

Pope Pius X published the Motu Proprio Tra le sollecitudini on November 22, 1903 , in which he gave Gregorian chant a higher priority within the mass. As a result of this letter, the Vatican published a new edition in 1908 (Editio Vaticana), which was based heavily on the findings of the Benedictines of the Solesmes Abbey ( André Mocquereau ). Between 1896 and 1964 the abbey published a combination of graduals and antiphonals as Liber Usualis in numerous editions .

The liturgical books of the Benedictines of Solesmes were in use until 1973 when, as part of the liturgical reform and the reorganization of the Calendarium Romanum Generale, some holidays were dropped and the texts had to be adapted to the needs of the Constitution Sacrosanctum Concilium . A new edition of the Gradual by the Benedictines (also with rhythmic symbols) dates back to 1973 and was also published by the Abbey of Saint Peter in Solesmes. It is also published as Graduale Triplex in a version supplemented by the neumes of the manuscripts from Laon and St. Gallen and Einsiedeln .

The Second Vatican Council, in Sacrosanctum Concilium (No. 117), called for a critical edition of the books of Gregorian chant. In 2011 the Gradual Novum appeared on this . Editio magis critica iuxta SC 117 with his first volume De dominicis et festis (Regensburg 2011, with the imprimatur of the Archbishop of Salzburg). It expressly takes into account the progress of the liturgical-musical studies on Gregorian chant and supplements the square notation of most pieces with adiastemic neumes. The gradual was drawn up by a working group of the International Society for the Study of Gregorian Chant (AISCGre), founded in 1975, and may be considered an official edition.

See also

literature

expenditure

  • Graduale Novum editio magis critica iuxta SC 117 seu Graduale Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae Pauli PP. VI. cura recognitum, ad exempla ordinis cantus missae dispositum, luce codicum antiquiorum restitutum nutu Sancti Oecumenici Concilii Vaticani II, neumis Ladunensibus et Sangallensibus ornatum. Tomus I De dominicis et festis (Imprimatur of the Archbishop of Salzburg, Dr. Alois Kothgasser SDB, from November 30, 2010 [Conbrio Verlagsgesellschaft Regensburg, Liberia Editrice Vaticana MMXI, ISBN 978-3-940768-15-5 ])
  • Graduale Sacrosanctæ Romanæ Ecclesiæ de tempore & de Sanctis. Primum Sancti Pii X iussu restitutum & editum, Pauli VI Pontificis Maximi cura nunc recognitum, ad exemplar "Ordinis Cantus Missæ" dispositum, & rhythmicis signis a Solesmensibus monachis diligenter ornatum. Solesmis [Solesmes] 1979. (Imprimatur Tornaci, the 24 decembris 1973 [Tournai: Desclée 1974.])
  • Graduale Triplex seu Graduale Romanum Pauli PP.VI cura recognitum & rhythmicis signis a Solesmensibus monachis ornatum neumis Laudunensibus (Cod. 239) et Sangallensibus (Codicum San Gallensis 359 et Einsidlensis 121) nunc auctum. Solesmis [Solesmes] 1979. (Imprimatur Tornaci, the 24 decembris 1973 [Solesmes: La Froidfontaine 1998.])
  • Graduale Sacrosanctæ Romanæ Ecclesiæ de tempore & de Sanctis. SS. DN Pii X Pontificis Maximi jussu restitutum et editum. Cui addita sund festa novissima. Romae, Typis Vaticanis MDCCCCVIII.
  • G. Baroffio, M. Sodi (eds.): Graduale de Tempore iuxta Ritum Sacrosanctae Romanae Ecclesiae. Editio Princeps (1614). Edizione anastatica, introduzione e appendice . (Monumenta Studia Instrumenta Liturgica 10). Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Città del Vaticano 2001.
  • G. Baroffio, M. Sodi (eds.): Graduale de Sanctis iuxta Ritum Sacrosanctae Romanae Ecclesiae. Editio Princeps (1614/15). Edizione anastatica, introduzione e appendice . (Monumenta Studia Instrumenta Liturgica 11). Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Città del Vaticano 2001.

Aids and secondary literature

  • Dominique Fournier: Concordance textuelle du graduale romanum triplex et des versets de l'offertoriale triplex (Subsidia Gregoriana, vol. 5), Solesmes 1996.
  • The Motuproprio Pius X for church music " Tra le sollecitudini dell 'officio pastorale" (1903) and the Regensburg tradition. Catalog for the exhibition in the Episcopal Central Library in Regensburg (November 10 to December 23, 2003) , Regensburg 2003.

Web links

Commons : Graduale Romanum  - collection of images, videos and audio files