Graptopetalum

Graptopetalum
Graptopetalum amethystinum habitus , part of the inflorescence and the flower .
Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons Order : Saxifragales (Saxifragales) Family : Thick-leaf family (Crassulaceae) Subfamily : Sempervivoideae Tribe : Sedeae Genre : Graptopetalum
Scientific name
Graptopetalum
rose

Graptopetalum is a genus of plants from the thick-leaf family(Crassulaceae). The botanical name is derived from the Greek words γραπτός ( graptos ) for written , painted and πέταλον ( petalon ) for petals and refers to the usually spotted petals .

Synonyms of the genus are Byrnesia , Tacitus and × Tacipetalum .

description

Graptopetalum are evergreen perennial herbaceous plants or shrubs that reach heights of 25 to 35 centimeters. They are not viviparous . The parts of the plant are bare or papillary . The number of chromosomes is n = 30–35.

The shoot axes are upright. They are succulent and branched or unbranched.

The basal foliage leaves are in dense rosettes, the upper leaf rosettes, however, only consist of isolated smaller leaves. All leaves are sessile and almost encompassing the stem. The succulent blade is wedge-shaped, rhombic-lanceolate or obovate with a length of 2 and 10 centimeters. The leaf cross-section is flat or flattened round. The base is not spurred. The leaf margin is entire.

The flat or panicle-shaped inflorescences are axillary umbels that clearly tower above the leaf rosettes. The inflorescence axes grow anew every year. The foul-smelling flowers are stalked and five to eight-fold. The sepals are not fused and more or less the same size. The petals fused at the base and are spread or slightly bent back from the middle. The color is mostly pale yellow with irregular spots and streaked red in the distal half. The nectaries are fan-like. The stamens are twice as many as the sepals. The stamens are fused with the base of the crown and bent back at the tip. The pistil is upright and fused at the base. The ovary is narrowed basal, the stylus is twice shorter than the ovary.

The follicles are mostly upright. The seeds are narrowly ovate, finely grooved and papilose.

Systematics

The genus Graptopetalum is distributed with two species ( Graptopetalum bartramii and Graptopetalum rusbyi ) in the US state of Arizona and with all other species in Mexico from Sonora and Chihuahua to Oaxaca at rocky locations up to altitudes of 2400 meters.

It was set up in 1911 by Joseph Nelson Rose . The type species of the genus is Graptopetalum pusillum . Some species of the genus were already described in other genera ( Pachyphytum , Sedum , Cotyledon ) before 1911 and were later recombined to Graptopetalum .

According to Joachim Thiede, the following types are distinguished:

• Section Byrnesia (Engelm.) Moran
  • Graptopetalum amethystinum (Rose) E. Walther : It occurs in the Mexican states of Durango, Sinaloa and Jalisco.
  • Graptopetalum fruticosum Moran
  • Graptopetalum grande Alexander
  • Graptopetalum mendozae Glass & Chazaro
  • Graptopetalum pachyphyllum Rose
  • Graptopetalum paraguayense (NE Br.) E. Walther : It occurs in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas. It includes the subspecies:
    • Graptopetalum paraguayense subsp. paraguayense
    • Graptopetalum paraguayense subsp. bernalense Kimnach & Moran
  • Graptopetalum pentandrum Moran : There are two subspecies:
    • Graptopetalum pentandrum Moran subsp. pentandrum
    • Graptopetalum pentandrum subsp. superbum moran
  • Graptopetalum saxifragoides Kimnach
• Section Graptopetalum
  • Graptopetalum bartramii Rose : It occurs in the Mexican states of Chihuahua and Sonora and in Arizona at altitudes of 1200 to 2100 meters.
  • Graptopetalum bellum (Moran & Meyran) DRHunt : It occurs in the Mexican state of Chihuahua.
  • Graptopetalum filiferum (S. Watson) Whitehead
  • Graptopetalum macdougallii Alexander
  • Graptopetalum marginatum Kimnach & Moran
  • Graptopetalum occidentale Rose ex Walther
  • Graptopetalum pusillum Rose
  • Graptopetalum rusbyi (Greene) Rose : It occurs in the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Sonora and Sinaloa and also in Arizona .

photos

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  Graptopetalum amethystinum , habitus

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  Graptopetalum amethystinum , flower

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  Graptopetalum bellum

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  Graptopetalum filiferum , habitus

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  Graptopetalum filiferum , inflorescence and single flowers

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  Graptopetalum fruticosum , habitus

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  Graptopetalum fruticosum , flowers

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  Graptopetalum paraguayense , habitus

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  Graptopetalum pachyphyllum in the Zurich Succulent Collection

literature

• Reid V. Moran: Graptopetalum . In: Flora of North America . Oxford University Press, Oxford 2009, ISBN 978-0-19-534026-6 , pp. 227 ( online [accessed February 12, 2010]).
• J. Thiede: Graptopetalum ' . In: Urs Eggli (Ed.): Succulents Lexicon Volume 4. Crassulaceae (thick-leaf plants) . Ulmer, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 978-3-8001-3998-9 , pp. 132-138 .
• Helmut Regnat: From Queretaro: Graptopetalum pachyphyllum Rose . In: Cacti and other succulents . tape 51 , no. 1 , 2000, pp. 11 .
• Helmut Regnat: The plant family Crassulaceae genera of the American continent - A consideration: Graptopetalum Rose . In: Cacti and other succulents . tape 43 , no. 6 , 1992, pp. 130-134 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ JN Rose: Graptopetalum, A new genus . In: Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. Smithsonian Institution . tape 13 , 1911, pp. 296 ( online [accessed February 12, 2010]).
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Graptopetalum in Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
3. ^ ^{A b} Reid V. Moran: Graptopetalum Rose. In: Flora of North America , Volume 8.

Web links

Commons : Graptopetalum  - collection of images, videos and audio files