Greek art

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Greek art of antiquity is, in the narrower sense, the art of the ancient Greek settlement area in Greece , on the Aegean islands , the Greek-populated part of Asia Minor as well as southern Italy and Sicily . In a broader sense, in classical archeology - as has been practiced for a long time in Anglo-Saxon countries as well - for decades, Cretan-Mycenaean art has also been included in Greek art in Germany. At least since then it has been established that the Linear B script documents are written in Greek , and since the connections between the Mycenaean to the Geometric period have become more and more evident (e.g. smooth transition from Sub-Mycenaean to Protogeometric ceramics ), Mycenaean art is not very good cut off from the later stages. A separation seems increasingly unjustified, which means that the pre-Greek Minoan art and the art of the Cycladic culture increasingly come into focus.

Although all genres of art are common to it, our image of Greek art is largely limited to the visual arts due to the tradition . It primarily encompasses architecture and sculpture, cabaret and handicrafts, vase painting and pottery, with a few remnants and later reflections also painting.

From the performing arts , such as the Greek tragedy and comedy , have been preserved only texts in the first place, in addition, numerous places of the performance, the theater buildings , and representations of theater masks and scenes, such as Greek Poss pieces such as the phlyax play -Stücken. The ancient Greek literature is more extensive and yet only fragmentary .

From the Hellenistic period at the latest , Greek art in the broader sense is the art of the Greek-influenced cultural area from Nubia to Crimea , from Punjab to Sicily . At the end of Hellenism, Greek art increasingly merged with Roman art , only to find a final echo in Byzantine art with its end .

Greek art reflects the historical processes of ancient Greece . Because of the community form typical of ancient Greece, the polis , it is primarily a local art - that is, the expression of a theoretically and factually limited political community. Accordingly, Greek art did not develop equally everywhere and, in particular, not at the same speed. Local cults and local traditions led in some areas to conservative clinging to the traditional, while in other parts of the Greek world innovation and expansion of expression to the limit of what was technically feasible were the driving force behind development. In the course of their development the centers of persistence and progress change constantly.

Periods

The phases of the Mycenaean culture :

  • Early Mycenaean = Mycenaean I: approx. 1600–1525 / 00 BC Chr.
  • Middle Mycenaean = Mycenaean II: approx. 1525/00–1400 BC Chr.
  • Late Mycenaean = Mycenaean III: approx. 1400–1050 BC Chr., Is divided into
    • Mykenisch III A: approx. 1400-1340 / 15 BC Chr.
    • Mycenean III B: approx. 1340 / 15–1190 BC Chr.
    • Mykenisch III C: approx. 1190-1050 BC Chr.

In many regions of Greece, a Sub-Mycenaean ceramic style followed, which then changed into the early Protogeometric style.

Greek art in the narrower sense, understood as the term between the fall of the Bronze Age Mycenaean culture and the loss of Greek autonomy in the Roman Empire , is divided into the following stylistic epochs :

literature

Web links

Commons : Greek Art  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files