Large-flowered forest lily
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Large-flowered forest lily ( Trillium grandiflorum ) |
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| Trillium grandiflorum | ||||||||||||
| ( Michx. ) Salisb. |
The large-flowered forest lily ( Trillium grandiflorum ) is a North American member of the Germer family (Melanthiaceae).
description
The short, thick rhizomes have two to three hairless flower stems that are 15 to 30 centimeters long. The bracts are sessile or nearly sessile, the blade is dark green with chestnut brown stripes, ovate-rhombic, tapering, 12 to 20 inches long and 8 to 15 inches wide.
The upright flower is odorless, the sepals spread out, flat, green, rarely marbled maroon, lanceolate and 20 to 55 centimeters long, and 12 to 23 millimeters wide, with entire margins and tapering to a point. The white, rarely pink, lanceolate to elongated, inverted egg-shaped petals are 4 to 7.5 centimeters long and 2 to 4 centimeters wide, stand upright at the base and bend up above the middle, giving the crown a funnel-shaped shape.
The stamens are straight or slightly curved and 9 to 27 millimeters long, the stamens are white, significantly shorter than the pale yellow to ripe yellow, 5 to 16 millimeters long, slender anthers .
The fruits are pale green, round and odorless, 1.2 to 1.6 inches long and 0.8 to 1.4 inches wide, powdered and moist.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 10, less often 20.
Possible confusion
It is easily recognizable because of its large white flowers and its whorl of three characteristic bracts that resemble normal leaves. There are shapes that have pink instead of white petals and shapes with double flowers .
distribution
The plant is widespread from Canada in the north to Georgia / USA in the south. It is the official symbol of the Canadian province of Ontario and is used in stylized form as a figurative mark of the provincial government. Called the "snow trillium" it is the state flower of the state of Ohio .
Systematics and botanical history
The Eurasian counterpart and sister genus to Trillium is Paris .
Of the countless sub-taxa that have been described, the majority are based on characteristics due to mycoplasma infections and are therefore discarded. Only one sub-taxon is currently recognized, namely:
- Trillium grandiflorum f. roseum Farw. : salmon pink in color, especially in the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia. The shape is popular as an ornamental plant.
This forest lily was first described in 1803 by André Michaux in his work Flora Boreali-Americana as Trillium rhomboideum var. Grandiflorum ( Trillium rhoboideum Michx. Is now a synonym for Trillium erectum L. ). Just two years later - in 1805 - Richard Anthony Salisbury classified it as a distinct species.
literature
- Frederick W. Case: Trillium grandiflorum. In: Flora of North America. 26, 2002 (English).
Individual evidence
- ^ Tropicos. [1]
- ↑ Trillium grandiflorum: Ontario - Anthems and Symbols - Canadian Identity. pch.gc.ca, accessed June 29, 2015 .
- ↑ Frederick W. Case, Roberta B. Case: Trilliums . Timber Press, Portland 1997, ISBN 0-88192-374-5 .
