Large stone grave in Neubrandenburg
| Large stone grave in Neubrandenburg | |||
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 Floor plan and longitudinal section of the grave |
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| Coordinates | 53 ° 31 '12.8 " N , 13 ° 14' 12.2" E | ||
| place | Neubrandenburg , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , Germany | ||
| Emergence | 3500 to 2800 BC Chr. | ||
| Sprockhoff no. | 452 | ||
The large stone grave in Neubrandenburg was a megalithic grave complex of the Neolithic funnel cup culture near Neubrandenburg in the Mecklenburg Lake District ( Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania ). It bears the Sprockhoff number 452. The facility was discovered in 1877 by rock breakers in a hill. Ludwig Brückner carried out an investigation before it was destroyed . The finds made are now in the Regional Museum in Neubrandenburg .
location
The grave was located south of the core town of Neubrandenburg and west of the Lindenberg Süd district in Nemerower Holz on the east bank of Lake Tollensee . About 40 m to the north are some larger stone blocks. It is possible that these are the remains of this or another large stone grave. Two Neolithic stone boxes were also found in Neubrandenburg .
description
The system had a round mound with a diameter of 6 m. It contained an east-west oriented burial chamber with a length of 1.7 m, a width of 1.16 m and a height of 1.28 m. The chamber consisted of granite - boulders and red sandstone plates. The long sides were formed by a pair of boulders and stone slabs. On the eastern narrow side stood a single large capstone. On the narrow western side there was a granite block that only took up the northern half. In the southern half, a 0.63 m wide entrance had been left free, which was marked with a threshold stone. A single large capstone rested on the capstones and slabs. The typological address of the burial chamber is somewhat unclear. Ewald Schuldt and Hans-Jürgen Beier classify them as an ancient dolmen , while Ingeburg Nilius classifies them as an extended dolmen .
The chamber was filled halfway up with calcareous earth. In this backfill, Brückner found human skeletal remains that could be assigned to seven individuals - five adults and two children. The bones were very friable and only incompletely preserved. Due to the degree of wear on their teeth, adults could only generally be assigned an advanced age at death. The two children were about seven and two years old. The skull of an adult was later examined more closely by Rudolf Virchow and identified as female. The adults and the older child were buried in a crouching position against the walls of the chamber, the younger child was stretched out in the middle.
Six ornate jugs were found among grave goods , which had been placed close to the buried on the chamber wall. The state of preservation was very different. Most of the jugs were broken, but could be easily reconstructed. Only a fragment of the lower part of one was preserved. The jugs had stitch ribbon decorations on the shoulders. In addition, a fragment of a flat ax was discovered in the soil of the mound .
- Jugs from the burial chamber
literature
- Hans-Jürgen Beier : The megalithic, submegalithic and pseudomegalithic buildings as well as the menhirs between the Baltic Sea and the Thuringian Forest. Contributions to the prehistory and early history of Central Europe 1. Wilkau-Haßlau 1991, p. 28.
- Ludwig Brückner : A megalithic grave from Neubrandenburg. In: Negotiations of the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory. Volume 9, 1877, pp. 277-279 ( online ).
- Adolf Hollnagel : The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds of the district of Neubrandenburg. Petermänken, Schwerin 1962, p. 53.
- Georg Krüger : Art and history monuments of the Free State of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Volume 1 Brünslow, Neubrandenburg 1921, p. 6.
- Ingeburg Nilius : The Neolithic in Mecklenburg at the time and with special consideration of the funnel cup culture (= contributions to the prehistory and early history of the districts of Rostock, Schwerin and Neubrandenburg. Volume 5). Museum of Prehistory and Early History, Schwerin 1971, p. 101.
- Ewald Schuldt : The Mecklenburg megalithic graves. Research on their architecture and function. VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin 1972, p. 134.
- Ernst Sprockhoff : The Nordic megalithic culture (= manual of the prehistory of Germany. Volume 3). de Gruyter, Berlin / Leipzig 1938, p. 26.
- Ernst Sprockhoff: Atlas of the megalithic tombs of Germany. Part 2: Mecklenburg - Brandenburg - Pomerania. Rudolf-Habelt Verlag, Bonn 1967, p. 50.
