Pit Julien
| Pit Julien | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
 |
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| Information about the mining company | |||
| Start of operation | 1826 | ||
| End of operation | 1878 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Zinc ore / lead ore | ||
| Degradation of | Lead ore | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 50 ° 57 '34.3 " N , 7 ° 9' 36.8" E | ||
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| Location | Kaule | ||
| local community | Bergisch Gladbach | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Bensberg ore district | ||
The Julien mine is a former non-ferrous metal ore mine in the Bensberg ore district in Bergisch Gladbach in the Kaule district . The main operating point was on Broicher Strasse.
history
Traces of mining from the Middle Ages in the form of an old Pingenfelds were evidence of ore deposit , for on September 9, 1826 first presumption was filed "New Hope" with the name. This time is quite early for Buntmetallerzgruben in Bensberger Erzrevier, because the technology of that time smelting of zinc ore not yet sufficiently mastered. In one of the tunnels, aperture was found with broken lead galena and richer lead ore guides "by driving a field stretch to the west" . In 1827 150 bushels of lead ore were mined, while the blending agents were ignored because of the worthless nature of this mineral. The award took place on November 24, 1827 . A profitable operation was obviously not possible in the long run, especially because one had to struggle with strong water inflows. The due “quarter money” was also no longer paid . As a result, following a decree by the Mining Authority of February 2, 1830, the mine fell back into the " sovereign free " , that is, the award was extinguished. In the meantime, in October 1828, a suspicion was made under the name Wilhelm on the old Pinge trains about 200 laughs west of the Neue Hope pit. She was later named Eugenie. A tunnel about 30 Lachter long was driven on the so-called “Old Field” , but no ore deposits were found. Because there was also a lack of money for further experimental work, operations were stopped again; the suspicion expired on February 1, 1829.
In the meantime, people had learned to smelt the faceplate in so-called muffle furnaces . The material, which was worthless for a long time, could suddenly be sold at prices that made it interesting for funding. On January 27, 1844, there was another suggestion of the New Hope mine under the name Julien. From then on, extensive test work was carried out, which proved the building worthiness of the deposit. On March 4, 1846, zinc, lead and copper ores were then awarded for the Julien colliery. In the eastern part of the deposit, on October 21, 1853, beyond the border of the Julien mine field, which had already been lent, a mutation called Fassbender was introduced. In other places, other conjectures developed with the names Good Expectation and Carolus. The earlier courage Eugenie came into play again and was awarded on January 4, 1854 as a stretched field with the name Goethe. In the course of further exploration work, it was recognized that all previous stretched mine fields, which had each been lent individually, belonged to a closed ore train. In accordance with the nature of this closed ore deposit, all mine fields were therefore grouped together. On October 27, 1854, there was a uniform award for the Julien pit as a whole.
On February 3, 1858 there was a consolidation with
- Liebig mine; this pit field was awarded on April 30, 1854. Previously, on August 25, 1853, mutations were requested for the following fields: Niehsen, Arschleder, Neuerburg, Frischglück and Susewind. During the field inspection on November 8, 1853, it was found that the occurrence of the ores had to be viewed as coherent as a whole. Thereupon, with the exception of the Niehsen assumption, all other assumptions were withdrawn and an application was made to change the name Niehsen to Liebig.
- Werner pit; this pit field was awarded on April 28, 1854.
Operation and facilities
Pit Julien
The Julien ore deposit was approximately 1,300 m in length. Since 1845, the corridor , which was up to 10 m thick , was opened up from a 90 m deep shaft on Broicher Strasse in one tunnel and three underground levels . Before the shaft could be further sunk , operations had to be stopped in 1856 due to subsidence of the machine foundations.
In 1869, when the Bensberg train station was built, a rich ore deposit was opened up. First, an approximately 110 m long tunnel was driven eastward from the train station in the direction of Kaule. Later a shaft was also sunk, which in 1875 was equipped as a machine shaft with a drainage and extraction system. On October 5, 1881, the decision was made to cease operations at the Julien mine because of the persistently poor operating results. It was closed on December 15, 1881.
After the Second World War, prices for non-ferrous metals soared in the late 1940s. This led to the fact that the AG des Altenberg had a test shaft sunk on Broicher Strasse. These included a winding tower , a machine house with a transformer station and an office building with a wash house . However, there was no longer a regular mining operation with the extraction of ores.
However, there are still considerable mineral resources in the earth in the Julien mine, which were estimated at around 1.5 million tons of minable zinc and lead ores. This knowledge was obtained in the years 1966 to 1969 through test bores that were carried out between Bockenberg and the old railway line. The best mineralization was found in the western part of the ore in the area of the former Bensberg train station. On May 15, 1975, presented at the Mining Office wins a request for consent to the granting of mining and operating license. After long negotiations with the mining authority in Siegen and the city of Bergisch Gladbach, the groundbreaking ceremony took place on November 25, 1975, and the public was informed. That created unrest among the population. A citizens' initiative was founded, which had set itself the task of preventing future mining. The psychological pressure grew so that the city of Bergisch Gladbach sided with the citizens. On March 22, 1977, the city issued a revocation notice of the earlier permit. This meant that further work on the Olefant shaft had to be abandoned.
Liebig mine
In 1854, an experimental shaft was sunk to a depth of 20.5 m and a distance of seven meters was driven on the bottom in order to further open up the ore deposit. But because the workers at the neighboring Julien mine were needed, operations were completely shut down. It was inactive until 1882. After that, another 14 m shaft was sunk on Bergmannsweg. This work was carried out with a reel , which was not able to remove the water from the shaft that increased in bad weather. The work therefore had to be stopped again. At another point on the Im Dornbusch road, another shaft was sunk in 1883, which had a total depth of 26 m. Building floors were set on 12 m and 24 m. At the beginning of December 1884 this operation was also stopped again because no more ores were found and the penetrating water could no longer be brought out of the pit with the reel used. For the year 1910 it is reported that an experimental shaft was sunk on the Hackberg about 50 m north of Bergmannsweg to a depth of 41.2 m. In 1911 it was silted up to 58.5 m. At 56 m, a bottom was set and it was driven further east and west. However, there was no profitable operation.
Around 1950 a test shaft was sunk to a depth of 110 m south of the Vinzenz Pallotti Hospital on the slope of the Bockenberg. After the end of the Korean War, the work was stopped again. A headframe stood at this point for a long time.
Werner pit
Information about the operation of the Werner mine is poor. Between 1852 and 1856 experimental work is said to have been carried out with varying degrees of success. A common ore deposit had been developed and mined; strong water inflows would have prevented further work. In 1910 a quartz dike with galena and copper ore was discovered during prospecting. The plan to sink a shaft had to be abandoned because the requirements of the forest authority could not be met.
literature
- Emil Buff: Description of the Deutz mountain district. Bonn 1882.
- Herbert Stahl (editor), Gerhard Geurts , Herbert Ommer : The legacy of ore. Volume 2, The pits on the Gangerz deposits in the Bensberg ore district. Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-00-014668-7 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Herbert Stahl (editor), Gerhard Geurts, Herbert Ommer: Das Erbe des Erzes. Volume 2, The pits on the Gangerz deposits in the Bensberg ore district . Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-00-014668-7 , p. 92ff.
- ↑ also p. 96ff