Grynau
| Grynau | ||
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 Tower and Gasthof Grynau |
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| Alternative name (s): | Grinau | |
| Creation time : | early 13th century | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Receive | |
| Place: | Tuggen | |
| Geographical location | 47 ° 12 '58 .8 " N , 8 ° 58' 13" E | |
| Height: | 412 m above sea level M. | |
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Grynau Castle or Grinau is a medieval low castle on the Linth River in the municipality of Tuggen in the canton of Schwyz .
Late Middle Ages
The tower, which has been preserved to this day and was mistaken for a Roman building for a long time, was built in the early 13th century by the Counts of Rapperswil to secure the transition over the Linth river between their areas around Uznach and in the March . Up until the 20th century there were only bridges over the Linth at Grynau, Benken , Ziegelbrücke and Weesen .
On September 21, 1337, Grynau was the scene of the Battle of Grynau between the imperial city of Zurich and an aristocratic union under the leadership of Count Johann I von Habsburg-Laufenburg .
After the Rapperswil counts died out, the castle came to the Toggenburgs in 1343 and to the Canton of Schwyz via the Counts of Habsburg-Laufenburg . The possession of Grynau enabled Schwyz to control all traffic between eastern and central Switzerland and between Zurich and Chur on the Linth. Zurich also tried to get possession of the castle. After the defeat of Zurich in the Old Zurich War , the Grynau came to Schwyz.
Modern times
Schwyz had the castle and its income from customs, driving, bridge and fishing fees administered by a governor . In the 17th century the castle complex was changed and a contemporary castle complex was built.
During the Helvetic Republic (1798–1803) the Grynau belonged temporarily to the Swiss national property. In the summer of 1799, in the Second Coalition War, the French and the Austro-Imperial troops fought each other at the Grynauer Bridge, which was destroyed three times during this time. After the Austrian general of Swiss origin Friedrich von Hotze was killed in the skirmishes near Schänis , the Grynau came back into the possession of the French.
When the canton of Schwyz was divided into Alt-Schwyz and the canton of Schwyz outer land in 1833, the Grynau bridge was occupied by the 8,000 federal troops from Appenzell Ausserrhoden called up by the daily statute. However, the division of the cantons could be lifted in 1833 without armed intervention.
In the Sonderbund War , the federal troops marched over the Linth bridges near Grynau and Giessen into the March in 1847 and were able to take them without a single shot.
In 1803 it came back to the Schwyz estate and in 1836 it was owned by the Oberallmeindkorporation Schwyz . After the lifting of internal tariffs in 1848, the canton of Schwyz sold the complex in 1879 to the Kälin family, who still own the tower and the castle, which has been converted into a country inn.
Linth correction
The original layout was greatly changed by the construction of the Linth Canal in 1807–1816, since the road and bridge have since run between the tower and castle and no longer through the passage in the middle of the castle.
Second World War
During the Second World War, the Grynau Fortress took over the security of the Linth crossing at Grynau. It was built from March 1940 to November 1942 in the Buechberg behind the castle tower. It belonged to the Limmat position as part of the planning of the "Falles Nord" (German bypassing the Maginot line in the south through Swiss territory ) and from June 1940 became the presentation of the Reduit northern border. The Grynau was one of the most important stagnation sites for the planned military flooding of the Lin plain .
gallery
Tower, inn and bridge with Linth Canal, 2013
Grynau tower
The tower and Grynau Castle before the Linth correction in 1786
Site plan of Grynau Castle from 1820. The old course of the Linth River and the new Linth Canal illustrate the changed position of the Grynau
