Guarayos wren

Guarayos wren
	Guarayos wren ( Cantorchilus guarayanus )
Systematics
Order :	Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination :	Songbirds (passeri)
Superfamily :	Certhioidea
Family :	Wrens (Troglodytidae)
Genre :	Cantorchilus
Type :	Guarayos wren
Scientific name
	Cantorchilus guarayanus
	( d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye , 1837)

The Guarayoszaunkönig ( Cantorchilus guarayanus ) is a bird art from the family of wrens (Troglodytidae), in Bolivia , Brazil and Paraguay is widespread. The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern . The species is considered to be monotypical .

features

The guarayos wren reaches a body length of about 13.5 cm and a weight of 13.0 to 14.0 g. Behind the eye it has a narrow white stripe . The ear covers are gray-white and speckled with black. The top of the head and the top are consistently medium brown, a color that fades into red on the back and rump . The wings of the hand , the wings of the arm and the upper wing-coverts are reddish-brown with narrow blackish stripes. The reddish brown control feathers have ten to twelve sharply delineated black bands. The chin is white with a narrow blackish streak of beard and a white background. The chest looks warm orange-yellow-brown, the belly and the rump area are strong orange-yellow-brown. The eyes are hazel brown, the upper beak black, the lower beak and the legs shiny lead. Both sexes are similar. Young animals differ from adult birds in that they have less clearly drawn markings on their faces. It differs from the very similar white-eared wren ( Cantorchilus leucotis ) in that it is more yellow-brown in color on the throat, less reddish on the upper side and inconspicuous markings in the cheek area.

Behavior and nutrition

Little is known about the diet of the guarayos wren. In the dry season it looks for food in pairs, after brood in family groups of up to four members. He looks for his food two to four meters above the ground, sometimes even at heights of up to 10 meters. He moves in dense creeping vegetation.

Vocalizations

The song of the guarayos wren consists of antiphonic tones of both sexes. The male emits a repeated series of tones, e.g. B. sound like chirilo-choli or faster like chililililoo . The female adds a pew-pew, pew-pew . The singing sounds much simpler than that of the white-eared wren. Alarm calls include pew-pew tones that are repeated many times and various harsh clicking sounds.

Reproduction

Little data are available on the breeding biology of the guarayos wren. Only a few nests have been described. In Bolivia, a nest with eggs was found late in January. The nest had a rather delicate spherical shape with a side entrance. It was made of fine grass and root hairs from ant trees ( cecropia ). He doesn't use the leaves for building. The nest is far less stable than that of the cheek-streaked wren ( Pheugopedius genibarbis ). The nest is made in the weeds, in bushes or on the thorn base of small plants at about one to three meters, sometimes above water. A clutch consists of two white eggs with fine spots on the thicker end of the egg. Occasionally the silkworm ( Molothrus bonariensis ) uses its nest as a brood parasite .

distribution and habitat

The Guarayos wren prefers Várzea scrub landscapes and secondary vegetation mostly near water. It moves at altitudes of up to 400 meters.

migration

It is believed that the guarayos wren is a resident bird .

Etymology and history of research

The Guarayos wren was first described in 1837 by Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny and Frédéric de Lafresnaye under the scientific name Troglodytes guarayana . The type specimen came from the province of Guarayos . In 2006, Nigel Ian Mann , Frederick Keith Barker , Jefferson Alden Graves , Kimberly Anne Dingess-Mann and Peter James Bramwell Slater introduced the genus Cantorchilus, which is new to science . This name is derived from "cantus" for "song" and "orkhilos ορχιλος " for "wren". The species name »guarayanus« refers to the place where the type specimen was found.

literature

Edward Clive Dickinson, Alain Lebossé: A study of d'Orbigny's “Voyage dans l'Amérique Méridionale”. IV. New avian names deriving from d'Orbigny's expedition with evidence for their first introduction and necessary corrections to authorship, dates and citations . In: Zoological Bibliography . tape 5 , no. 4 , March 9, 2018, p. 49–274 ( avespress.com [PDF; 8.9 MB ] 2018a).
Edward Clive Dickinson, Alain Lebossé: A study of d'Orbigny's “Voyage dans l'Amérique Méridionale”. V. Necessary corrections to data from the "Index Animalium". Pp. 275-292. Also includes errata . In: Zoological Bibliography . tape 5 , no. 5 , August 1, 2018, p. 275–292 ( avespress.com [PDF; 731 kB ] 2018b).
Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny, Frédéric de Lafresnaye: Synopsis Avium AB Alcide d'Orbigny, en ejus per Americam meridionalem itinere, collectarum et ab ipso viatorenecnon a de Lafresnaye in ordine redactarum . tape 7 , Classe II, 1837, pp. 1-88 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
Donald Eugene Kroodsma, David Brewer in: Thomas Scott Schulenberg : Fawn-breasted Wren (Cantorchilus guarayanus) in Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive . Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY.
Nigel Ian Mann, Frederick Keith Barker, Jefferson Alden Graves, Kimberly Anne Dingess-Mann, Peter James Bramwell Slater: Molecular data delineate four genera of "Thryothorus" wrens . In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . tape 40 , no. 3 , September 1, 2006, p. 750-759 , doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2006.04.014 (2006).

Web links

Commons : Guarayos Wren ( Cantorchilus guarayanus ) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Cantorchilus guarayanus inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020.1. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2018. Retrieved June 12, 2020.
BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Fawn-breasted Wren ( Cantorchilus guarayanus ) . Retrieved June 12, 2020.
Videos, photos and sound recordings of Fawn-breasted Wren (Cantorchilus guarayanus) in the Internet Bird Collection
Guarayos wren ( Cantorchilus guarayanus ) at Avibase; accessed on June 12, 2020.

Cantorchilus guarayanus in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved June 12, 2020.

xeno-canto: Sound recordings - Guarayos wren ( Cantorchilus guarayanus )

Stripe-breasted Wren (Cantorchilus guarayanus) in the Encyclopedia of Life . Retrieved June 12, 2020.

Individual evidence

↑ IOC World Bird List Dapple-throats, sugarbirds, fairy-bluebirds, kinglets, hyliotas, wrens, gnatcatchers
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Donald Eugene Kroodsma u. a.
↑ ^a ^b Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny (1837) u. a., p. 26.
↑ ^a ^b Nigel Ian Mann u. a., p. 758.

Remarks

↑ On the complicated history of publications see Edward Clive Dickinson et al. a. (2018a), Edward Clive Dickinson et al. a. (2018b)
↑ Mann u. a. categorized the long-billed wren ( Cantorchilus longirostris ( Vieillot , 1819)) as a type for the new genus.

[1] IOC World Bird List Dapple-throats, sugarbirds, fairy-bluebirds, kinglets, hyliotas, wrens, gnatcatchers

[kroodsma-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Donald Eugene Kroodsma u. a.

[orbigny26-3] Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny (1837) u. a., p. 26.

[mann758-5] Nigel Ian Mann u. a., p. 758.

[4] On the complicated history of publications see Edward Clive Dickinson et al. a. (2018a), Edward Clive Dickinson et al. a. (2018b)

[6] Mann u. a. categorized the long-billed wren ( Cantorchilus longirostris ( Vieillot , 1819)) as a type for the new genus.