Gunzenburg
| Gunzenburg | ||
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 Wall and moat remains on the Gunzenburg |
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| Alternative name (s): | Kunzenburg | |
| Creation time : | Medieval | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, spur location | |
| Conservation status: | Wall and moat remains | |
| Place: | Rustenfelde | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 23 '27.3 " N , 9 ° 59' 42.1" E | |
| Height: | 281.7 m above sea level NN | |
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The Gunzenburg or Kunz castle was an Outbound medieval hill fort at Rustenfelde in Eichsfeld district in the northwest of Thuringia .
location
The hill fort is located on a small north-facing 281.7 m above sea level. NHN high mountain spur southwest of Rustenfelde. The mountain spur is part of a small ridge between the country road 3080 in the south, the valley of the Rustebach in the west and north and the country road 2003 from Rustenfelde into the Leinetal . The hilltop and steeper slopes in the west and north are forested, the southeast slope is used for agriculture.
Immediately below the castle is the Bunte mill below Rustenfelde. The border between Thuringia and Lower Saxony runs about one kilometer to the northwest, and the Rusteberg rises just under a kilometer with the Rusteberg castle ruins of the same name .
investment
The 36 × 20 meter castle complex is surrounded by a simple wall and an outer moat. The southern transverse wall runs directly on the highest point of the mountain spur , the other walls run on the steeper edges of the mountain. Nothing is known about structures in the castle, nor have there been any archaeological finds to date.
history
Historically, the settlement border between the Saxon and Thuringian population groups ran over the ridge to the west from the Pferdeberg near Kirchgandern , over the Rohrberg to the northern edge of the Ohmgebirge . Today this settlement border forms the language border between the Low German and Central German dialect. Later this line formed the border between the Kurmainzischen Eichsfeld and the Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg and in the recent past the inner-German border .
There are no direct written references to the local castle. A temporal classification is also difficult, possibly a border post along the historical border.
It is suspected that the Bunte Mühle was part of a former village, but it has not been proven. 1318 there is talk of a village Gunrode in the administrative district of the Rusteberg, in which Hermann von Bültzingsleben had property. South of the Rusteberg in the Leinetal there is a similar-sounding single farm Hunrod, which we mention as Hunderode in old writings. The district boundary and thus the taxes for the land between Rustenfelde and Marth south of the mill with the parcels of Ginsliete, Günsburg and Ebenhoe were not uniformly clarified in the 17th century. Today the Gunzenburg and Kirchberg belong to Rustenfelde and the Ginsleite and Ebenhöhe to Marth.
The nobles of Bültzingsleben later owned a whale estate between the mill and the village of Rustenfelde, called the Kemenate , which is mentioned in 1676. How far the Wallburg and the Kemenate were related is not known. The bower was demolished in 1780.
Origin of name
The Günsburg (1676) should be the castle of a Gunzo , in Old High German gund stands for fight and war.
Web links
- Entry on Gunzenburg in the private database "Alle Burgen".
Individual evidence
- ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ^ August von Oppermann and Carl Schuchardt: Atlas of prehistoric fortifications in Lower Saxony. Commission publisher F. Gersbach, Hanover 1888–1916, page 35
- ^ August von Oppermann and Carl Schuchardt: Atlas of prehistoric fortifications in Lower Saxony. Commission publisher F. Gersbach, Hanover 1888–1916, page 36
- ↑ Levin von Wintzingeroda-Knorr : Die Wüstungen des Eichsfeldes: Directory of the desert areas, prehistoric ramparts, mines, courts of law and waiting areas within the districts of Duderstadt, Heiligenstadt, Mühlhausen and Worbis. Göttingen (O. Hendel) 1903, pages 506..509
- ^ Author collective: Das Eichsfeld. Volume 79 of the series Landscapes in Germany. Verlag Böhlau , Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2018, p. ....
- ↑ Erhard Müller: The place names of the district of Heiligenstadt. Heilbad Heiligenstadt 1989, p. 21