Gustav Billroth

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Johann Gustav Friedrich Billroth (born February 11, 1808 in Lübeck , † March 28, 1836 in Halle ) was a German religious philosopher.

Live and act

Gustav Billroth was a son of the businessman Joachim Friedrich Billroth (born in Wolgast ; died on October 1, 1825 in Lübeck) and his wife Catharina Hedwig, née Freytag, (born on October 26, 1778 in Lübeck), who was a daughter of the businessman Johann Carl Gustav Freytag was. Billroth himself married in April 1835 in Leipzig Wilhelmine Henriette Vogel (born February 12, 1816 in Leipzig), whose father named Friedrich Christian Vogel (1776-1862) worked as a bookseller in Leipzig. The Billroth couple had a daughter. The surgeon Theodor Billroth was one of Billroth's nephews .

Billroth visited the Katharineum in Lübeck and left this Michaelis in 1825 with a degree as "primus omnium". From the winter semester of 1825/26 he studied theology at the University of Leipzig , where he attended courses given by Karl Friedrich Keil in particular . As a religious philosopher, Friedrich Richter criticized Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and aroused Billroth's interest in philosophical topics. 1830 followed Billroth's habilitation on the monologium and proslogion of Anselm of Canterbury . He then worked as a teacher and as such wrote a Latin syntax for the upper classes at scholarly schools. As this book proved successful, he also wrote a Latin school grammar, which was published after his death in 1837. Together with Karl Friedrich Becker , he published hymns from the 16th and 17th centuries in 1831. In 1833 he wrote the "Commentary on the letters of Paul to the Corinthians", using the rules of grammatical and historical teaching for the New Testament idiom . A program of "pure exegesis" was based on this, which helped him get a job as an academic. In the summer of 1834 he followed a call from the University of Halle as a professor of philosophy.

Billroth's main work was his "Lectures on Philosophy of Religion", which he gave in the 1835 summer semester. His successor in office, Johann Eduard Erdmann , published it in 1837. In his “lectures”, Billroth described his ideas for reconciling ecclesiastical religion with philosophy. According to paragraph six of the work, "the concrete-historical material given in positive Christianity, without being altered in its knowledge, should be justified by thinking for the spirit". His view corresponded to that of the then influential Christian Hermann Weisse .

From 1831 onwards, Billroth criticized Hegel in his "Contributions to the ruling theology", orienting himself on the god motif. In it he presented the differences between Hegel's formally correct procedure, subordinating religious facts to dialectics and the actually false results. In doing so, he applied the criteria of speculative knowledge formulated by Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling . Members of the Hegel School also respected the script because of its fundamentally conciliatory attitude. Billroth was considered a late humanist who, according to Schelling, linked the ideas of Christian Hermann Weisses and Immanuel Hermann Fichte by means of Christian motifs into a speculative theism .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jendris Alwast: Billroth, Gustav . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 11 - 2000. ISBN 3-529-02640-9 , page 35.
  2. ^ Hermann Genzken: The Abitur graduates of the Katharineum zu Lübeck (grammar school and secondary school) from Easter 1807 to 1907. Borchers, Lübeck 1907 ( digitized version ), no. 179
  3. ↑ Jendris Alwast: Billroth, Gustav . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 11 - 2000. ISBN 3-529-02640-9 , page 35.
  4. ↑ Jendris Alwast: Billroth, Gustav . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 11 - 2000. ISBN 3-529-02640-9 , pages 35-36.
  5. ↑ Jendris Alwast: Billroth, Gustav . in: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck . Wachholtz, Neumünster 1982–2011. Vol. 11 - 2000. ISBN 3-529-02640-9 , page 36.
personal data
SURNAME Billroth, Gustav
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Billroth, Johann Gustav Friedrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German religious philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH February 11, 1808
PLACE OF BIRTH Lübeck
DATE OF DEATH March 28, 1836
Place of death Hall