Gustav Schmaltz

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Gustav Schmaltz (born May 25, 1884 in Offenbach am Main ; † July 13, 1959 in Frankfurt am Main ) was a German engineer , entrepreneur, materials scientist, physiologist, psychotherapist and university professor.

Life

Gustav Schmaltz was born as the son of the Offenbach factory owner August Schmaltz. After graduating from high school in Offenbach, Schmaltz studied at the University of Leipzig , the Technical University of Stuttgart and the Technical University of Hanover . In 1906 he became a member of the Corps Slesvico-Holsatia in Hanover . After working abroad in France, England and the United States of America, he joined his father's woodworking machine factory in Offenbach in 1911, Gebr-Schmaltz , which he took over as sole owner in 1920. In 1920 he became a Dr.-Ing. PhD. As an entrepreneur, he was chairman of the Association of German Woodworking Machinery Manufacturers, and a member of the board of the Association of German Mechanical Engineering Institutions and the Association of German Machine Tool Manufacturers.

In addition to his entrepreneurial activity, he built up a versatile physical laboratory in which he dealt with experimental investigations on technical measurement methods and physiological issues. In his technical research he founded technical surface science. In 1927 the Technical University of Hanover appointed him honorary professor. To characterize technical surfaces, he developed the light section device named after him. Later he was a professor at the Physics Institute at the University of Frankfurt.

He increasingly turned to psychotherapy and became a supporter of Carl Gustav Jung , with whom he stayed in Zurich from 1928 to 1930 . In the course of the transfer of power to the National Socialists , he became a member of the NSDAP in March 1933 . He was a member of the board of the CJ Jung Society and was a member of the German Institute for Psychological Research and Psychotherapy at the time of National Socialism . He also became a professor of psychotherapy at the University of Frankfurt. Until 1949 he developed a complex test to examine the unconscious structure of a person, which he used in the examination of ulcer patients.

In 1958 he was the first independent physician to alert Grünenthal to the side effects of thalidomide .

His academic students included the physicist Walter Graffunder and the psychiatrist and psychoanalyst Hanscarl Leuner .

Awards

  • During the First World War he was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd and 1st class.
  • For his research on the function of the ear labyrinth , the University of Frankfurt am Main awarded him an honorary doctorate in 1925. med. hc
  • For the elevation of technical surface science to a new research area, he was awarded the VDI honorary mark in 1953 .

Fonts

  • The methods of ordering and their application to technical purposes . Berlin, 1920
  • The physical basis of caloric vestibular stimulation . In: Medical Clinic . Weekly for general practitioners, year 1923, No. 16.
  • By measuring magnetic fields with the help of jets of liquid through which current flows . In: Journal of Physics A Hadrons and Nuclei . Volume 35, Issue 1, 1925, pp. 22-26
  • Attempt a theory of the excitation process in the ear labyrinth . In: Pflügers Archive - European Journal of Physiology . Volume 207, Issue 1, 1925, pp. 125-128
  • On the stimulus processes in the end organs of the octavus nerve - IV. Communication. The relationship of MH Fischer's pulsation reflexes to the flow velocity of the endolymph . In: Pflügers Archive European Journal of Physiology . Volume 217, Issue 1, 1927, pp. 389-396
  • About smoothness and evenness as a physical and physiological problem. In: Journal of the Association of German Engineers . October 12, 1929, pp. 1461-1467
  • Experiments on the influence of the position of the head and neck in relation to the trunk . In: Acta Oto-laryngologica . Vol. 15, No. 2-4, 1931, pp. 547-548
  • The Physical Phenomena Occurring in the Semicircular Canals during Rotatory and Thermic Stimulation . In: Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine - Section of Otology . May 1 1931, pp. 359–381, PMC 2182348 (free full text)
  • A method of representing the profile curves of rough surfaces. In: Natural Sciences . Volume 20, Issue 18, 1932, pp. 315-316
  • Technical surface science. Fine shape and properties of interfaces of technical bodies, in particular of machine parts . Berlin 1936
  • Eastern wisdom and Western psychotherapy . Stuttgart, 1st edition 1951, 2nd edition 1953, 3rd edition 1958
  • Complex psychology and physical symptom . Stuttgart 1955 (together with Carl Gustav Jung)
  • Complex psychology and physical symptom. Shown in a case of psychogenic angina pectoris . Stuttgart, 1955

literature

  • Schmaltz, Gustav. In: Robert Volz: Reich manual of the German society . The handbook of personalities in words and pictures. Volume 2: L-Z. Deutscher Wirtschaftsverlag, Berlin 1931, DNB 453960294 , p. 1647.
  • CM Dolezalek: Prof. Dr. Ing.Dr. med. hc Gustav Schmaltz, founder of technical surface science, 75 years old . In: Werkstattstechnik, magazine for production and operations , volume 49, issue 6, June 1959, p. 301.
  • TH Hannover (ed.): Catalogus Professorum. The faculty of the Technical University of Hanover 1831–1856 , Hanover: Technical University of 1956, p. 174f.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Corps Slesvico-Holsatia, Corpsliste , winter semester 1981/82, p. 39, no. 239
  2. ^ Gebrüder Schmaltz, company history
  3. ^ Ernst Klee : Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 542
  4. ^ Illness from mortification . In: Der Spiegel . No. 5 , 1955, pp. 36 f . ( online ).
  5. ↑ St. Petersburg Times, May 27, 1968
  6. ↑ Daily history - university news  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Klinische Wochenschrift, Volume 4, No. 31 (July 30, 1925), p. 1528@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / resources.metapress.com  
  7. ^ VDI badge of honor . In: VDI-Z. tape 95 , no. 22 , August 1, 1953, p. 749 .
personal data
SURNAME Schmaltz, Gustav
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German engineer, entrepreneur, materials scientist, physiologist, psychotherapist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH May 25, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Offenbach am Main
DATE OF DEATH July 13, 1959
Place of death Frankfurt am Main