Good Spyck

The Spyck estate is located west of the Bramsche district of Lingen . It was originally a knight's seat in the 16th century. Today the estate is privately owned.

The estate is shaped by the landscape of the Ems and the Große Aa , not far from the Aaberge nature reserve . The landscape consists of fields, meadows and mixed forest, one of the largest contiguous forest areas in the Emsland .

etymology

The script has changed from "Spiek" to "Spyck". Different fonts such as Spi (c) k and Spyk appear in numerous documents, maps and publications. It was not until the end of the 19th century that the current written form solidified.

There are several theories about the origin of the name Spiek:

• a swampy stretch of land consisting of scrub, earth and lawn, a raised dam
• from the word " specks ", "Spieke" for a bridge or stick for a Knüppeldamm derived
• from "brushwood" and from this made transitions and ground reinforcements on the water (lake, river)
• Pastures that are not flood-free, but are higher than marshes and meadows.

history

Before the area was called Spyck during the Middle Ages, it was called "Kring", derived from the Germanic word crange (= circular). The area of ​​Kring received the jurisdiction and the right of asylum of the rule of the property. The farms and estates of that time were independent, but not independent and thus part of the village of Bramsche.

Spiek Castle

A castle is said to have stood on the estate near Bramsche, but no records or documents have been found to date. Likewise, no remains such as the foundations of a moth or a solid house . Rudolf von Langen (* around 1268) from the family of "von Langen with the diamonds" appears here as a castle man . It is proven that the von Senden family were landowners between 1412 and 1463. The name Johann von Senden appears here. It must have been his sister Aleke Adelheid von Senden who brought the Spiek property as a dowry to the marriage with Johann von Marveldt from the Bernhard family. Soon they came into conflict with the Mecklenburg ruler, Count Nikolaus, who was known for his exploitation and acts of violence against his own subjects. Their son Johann, who owned numerous estates in the Münster monastery , lodged a protest with Bishop Erich von Münster in 1529. A settlement was reached in autumn 1533, but it was not until 1550 that Johann von Marveldt was officially recognized as the owner of the Spiek estate, although the owner had since changed.

Noble estate Spiek

In 1529 the new owner Otto von Grothaus zu Kronenburg moved his seat on the right bank of the Große Aa , a tributary of the Ems, to a Spiek. From then on, the estate was called Spyck. Through the imperial oath, the von Grothaus family was elevated to the Lingen nobility. Otto was married to Countess Anna von Tecklenburg, daughter of Count Claus von Tecklenburg. The reason for his transfer was the more than 30 years of peace between him and the Diocese of Osnabrück. At that time knight Otto von Grothaus was the lord of the castle of Bramsche Fortress, which, however, had been completely destroyed in the turmoil of the war. Peace could breathe because the village was in the then independent county of Lingen. Finally came the long period of change of rulers between the Orange and Spaniards who quarreled over the small county of Lingen. His two sons Conrad, called "Cord", and Otto were the new masters at Gut Spiek. Cord took on various landowners in the Osnabrück bishopric . Finally, in 1591, Cord was paid back compensation for his father and Cord von Grothaus took an oath of peace to Spyck.

Conrad "Cord" von Grothaus († 1612) was married to Gela von Beninga zu Grimersum. His epitaph was made by the Osnabrück sculptor Adam Steenelt and can be viewed today in the St. Gertrudis Church in Bramsche. His son Karl was his successor as landlord. In 1633 the Orange were again the owners of the County of Lingen and used their rule for numerous attacks on citizens, houses and goods. In 1648 a delegation of the Lingen lords, including Karl von Grothaus zu Spyck, traveled in vain to Prince Moritz of Orange in Groningen to complain about the attacks.

Karl arranged for the succession during his lifetime: his niece Gertrud von Munster , daughter of his sister from his marriage to Johann von Munster zu Havighorst und Drenthe, was landlady after his death. She was married to Claus Jobst von Langen zu Haselünne and Lehrte, from the family of "von Langen with the sheep shears" , and brought the Spyck estate into the marriage as a dowry. Thus, Claus Jobst was the new landlord until his death in 1651.

His son, Junker Ernst Engelbert von Langen, took over the inheritance immediately. He was married to Elisabeth Maria von Bordewick zu Holthausen. After 51 years he died and their son Nicolaus Jobst von Langen became their successor in 1702. In 1700 he married Maria Gertrud von Ubbena. After his death in 1740, her son, the Münster captain Franz Moritz von Langen, who married the daughter of the landowner von Beversundern Janne Sybille von Reusch in 1772, inherited the property, and in 1781, after his death, son Nicolaus Friedrich Joseph von Langen inherited the property. In 1838, with the death of Nicolaus Friedrich Joseph, the branch of the von Langen family died out.

The unmarried and childless last knight of Langen bequeathed all goods and the Spyck estate to his niece Marie Sophie by will. In 1824 she married the wealthy Lingen merchant Bernhard Alexander Moritz Oosthuys. When her husband died in 1859, she sold the estate to her son, the doctor Johann Heinrich Oosthuys. He was married to Anna Maria Poppe from Wildeshausen. Until his death in 1899, Johann worked as a doctor on the Spyck estate.

In the spring of 1911, the widow Anna Maria Oosthuys distributed the estate equally to four of her five children Paula, Maria, Alma and Otto. The fifth child Sophie was not affected by the distribution due to her marriage to Bernhard Ignaz Suurmann, the owner of the Suhrhof estate in Sommeringen (east of Bramsche). The four named Oosthuys heirs remained unmarried and childless throughout their lives. In 1938 the siblings Paula and Maria Oosthuys transferred the Spyck estate to their niece Paula Suurmann, daughter of sister Sophie. Alma and Otto had already died at the time of the takeover. Nothing is known about the further successes in ownership. Today's owners are the Lohmöller family.

For a long time, Gut Spyck had the state parliament and the right of asylum, trademark justice and extensive hunting justice. Nothing is known about the exact size of the old knight's seat, but various sources indicate 210 hectares.

Spyck's watermill

The only watermill on the estate has been destroyed several times by floods from the Great Aa since it was built in the 17th century. When a new watermill was built in 1829, damage reappeared within a short time. The reason for this was the loamy soil on which the mill stood. The building was carefully removed stone by stone in 1962 and placed in the museum village in Cloppenburg.

The denominations

In 1544 the Dominican Father Hieronymus von Grothaus from Osnabrück's Natrup monastery took over his service in the St. Gertrudis Church until his death in 1587. He lived with his brother Otto von Grothaus from the Kronenburg house near Tecklenburg.

The change of ownership as rule over the county of Lingen also resulted in a forced change of denomination . Under the Oran rule, the population was evangelically reformed and the Catholic faith was forbidden. Under the following Catholic-Spanish sovereignty, the Protestants were tolerated with reservations.

In 1689 the right of the parish at Bramsche passed from the owner of the Spyck estate to the Osnabrück bishop.

At the beginning of 1718 under the renewed rule of the Orange, all Catholic clergy had to give up their offices. A simple house on the Spycker Esch was used as a makeshift church as a prayer room for the Catholics. The meanwhile run-down house of prayer had to give way to a new cemetery in 1806. Only the Spycker Kluse from 1821 is reminiscent of the provisional church. In this, visitors can look at the altar of the prayer house.

The French priest Ludwig Franz Rénard or Abbé Rénard, who fled from France, was a chaplain and teacher for Baron von Langen on the Spyck estate from 1794–1798. Later he was also ordered by the landlord of Herzford, Baron von Munster, in 1810 to attend a church service in Elbergen .

Location and building

In the middle of the property there is a manor, which is surrounded by a moat . The water flows from the Great Aa, into the moat.

In addition to the half-timbered mansion from the 16th century, there was also an outbuilding and a farm building on the estate . The 1½-story mansion was demolished without replacement in the mid-1960s due to its dilapidation. Today there is a lawn at this point. Only ancillary and farm buildings are preserved and inhabited. The griffe is in excellent condition.

literature

• Rudolf vom Bruch: The Knights' Seats of the Emsland , Verlag Aschendorff, Münster Westfalen 1962, pp. 130-136. ISBN 3402051311

Coordinates: 52 ° 26 ′ 59.3 "  N , 7 ° 21 ′ 33.6"  E