Gymnosporia senegalensis
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Gymnosporia senegalensis |
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| ( Lam. ) Loes. |
Gymnosporia senegalensis (Syn .: Maytenus senegalensis ) is a species of the genus Gymnosporia in the spindle tree family(Celastraceae).
description
Gymnosporia senegalensis is an evergreen , bulky shrub or often multi-stemmed tree that grows to about 2 to over 10 meters high. The plant often has long thorns but sometimes not. The brown-gray bark is thick and coarse and more or less cracked to furrowed.
The simple and leathery, bare leaves are often gray-green "frosted", are often tufted or alternate, are short stalked and with obovate to spatulate or ovoid to elliptical, more or less notched to sawn blades. The thick blade is rounded to indented, edged or pointed to pointed.
Gymnosporia senegalensis is mostly dioecious dioecious . The five-fold, small and fragrant, short-stalked flowers with a double inflorescence are green-whitish and are in little to many-flowered, short panicles or in zymous to tufted inflorescences. The male flowers have a pistillode and the female staminodes. A weakly lobed discus is formed in each case .
The reddish, rounded to ellipsoidal, more or less two-, three-edged, small and leathery, loculicidal capsules with a permanent calyx contain 2 to 3 bright reddish seeds partially surrounded by a cup-shaped, fleshy and pink aril .
The species blooms between September and February.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 54.
Occurrence
Gymnosporia senegalensis is originally found in almost all of Africa and on the Arabian Peninsula as far as southern Spain.
Taxonomy and systematics
Gymnosporia senegalensis was named Celastrus senegalensis by Lamarck in Encycl. 1: 661, first described in 1785. Ludwig Eduard Theodor Loesener presented the species in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 541, 1893 to the genus Gymnosporia . A few synonyms of many for the species are Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.) Exell , Maytenus senegalensis subsp. europaeus (Boiss.) Rivas.Mart. ex Güemes & MBCrespo and Celastrus europaeus Boiss.
literature
- Ernst Schmidt, Mervyn Lotter, Warren McCleland: Trees and Shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park. Jacana, 2002, ISBN 1-919777-30-X , p. 344 f.
- Michel Arbonnier: Trees, Shrubs and Lianas of West African Dry Zones. CIRAD, 2004, ISBN 2-85653-571-2 , p. 249.
- G. López González: Guía de los árboles y arbustos de la Península Ibérica y Baleares. 2. a edición, Ediciones Mundi-Prensa, 2004, ISBN 84-8476-210-6 , p. 329 f.
- R. Hansel, K. Keller and a .: Hager's Handbook of Pharmaceutical Practice. 5th edition, drugs: E-O , Springer, 1993, ISBN 978-3-642-63427-7 (reprint), p. 803 f.
Web links
- Gymnosporia senegalensis . In: S. Dressler, M. Schmidt, G. Zizka (Eds.): African plants - A Photo Guide. Senckenberg, Frankfurt / Main 2014.
- Gymnosporia senegalensis at Useful Tropical Plants.
- Maytenus senegalensis at Flora Vascular.
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Peter Schönfelder , Ingrid Schönfelder: The new cosmos Mediterranean flora. Franckh Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-440-10742-3 , p. 170.
- ↑ Maytenus senegalensis at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ Gymnosporia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 9, 2020.
- ^ Gymnosporia senegalensis at KEW Science (Description).
- ↑ a b E. von Raab-Straube (2018): Celastraceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Data sheet Celastraceae .