H. Parry & Son

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H. Parry & Son
legal form Portuguese GmbH ("Lda.")
founding 1855
resolution 1986
Reason for dissolution insolvency
Seat Lisbon
management Hugh Parry (1855–1876)
Francis Cannell (1876–1917)
children of F. Cannell (1917–1954)
Jacques de Lacerda (1954–1961)
Branch shipbuilding

Condition of the shipyard of H. Parry & Son in Cacilhas in 2017

H. Parry & Son was a shipyard in Lisbon that existed from 1855 to 1986. It was the first shipyard in Portugal to produce steel-hulled ships. It mainly built smaller vehicles for coastal shipping, colonial navy, tugs and, on a test basis, a few automobiles in 1901.

history

Foundation and early history

After the British boilermaker Hugh Parry had fulfilled his two-year contract of 1852 in the Naval Arsenal in Lisbon, he founded 1855 together with George Oakley in Boa Vista, Lisbon; its own shipyard. Oakley died that same year. The company's headquarters remained in Boa Vista on Avenida 24 de Julho during its existence. Then there were the shipyard sites - three locations over the years. Hugh Parry took on his son-in-law Francis Churchill Cannell into the management of the company in 1866, who took over the management after the death of the founder in 1876.

The shipyard initially worked in the Santo Amaro harbor basin in Lisbon. From there she moved to Ginjal on the south bank of the Tejo around 1860, where more space was available. In Ginjal, the shipyard also produced its own steam engines and boilers for shipbuilding. She also made these steam engines to order for stationary uses such as for distilleries in Ginjal. The company's first ship, the Alcântara, was built in Ginjal , a side-wheel steamer probably around 30 meters long and with space for around 200 passengers. After the Alcântara , the Progresso and the Lisbonense were followed by further paddle steamers for passenger traffic and the Belém, the first ship built in Portugal with a steel hull in 1864. Five years later, in 1869, the shipyard's first ship with a screw drive was launched. For most of the shipyard's ships, only the names of the steamers have survived, but not their function. Sailing ships were also built, but they have only been passed down in isolated cases, such as the schooner Três Macs or the sloop Atlântico .

Move to Cacilhas

Since in Ginjal the ships had to be pulled over a wall of the river fortification onto the shipyard site, the site proved to be unsuitable in the long term. H. Parry found a suitable site a few hundred meters away in Cacilhas with the Sampaio shipyard founded in 1872. In 1893 he received the promise to buy the shipyard, but the change of ownership lasted until 1899. The only surviving employee figures for the two locations are from this period: in 1890 the shipyard employed 123 workers, in 1917 94 at the Ginjal location alone. The company kept the Ginjal location and only gave it up in 1938.

In the meantime, the shipyard benefited from the consequences of the British ultimatum of 1890, with which Great Britain forced Portugal out of Rhodesia and Nyasaland and in turn rearmed the Portuguese navy to protect the colonies. To this end, the Navy awarded H. Parry & Son more and more orders for river gunboats in the following years : Diogo Cão , Pedro de Annaya and Honorio Barreto (all in 1895) began in 1895, followed by Tete (1903) and Sena (1904) as well the Lurio (1907) and the Save (1908). The Chaimite , up to then the most modern gunboat in the country, caused a sensation in 1898 .

From the new building to the repair yard

With the death of Francis Cannell in 1917, his two children took over the shipyard and sold it in 1954. For the period after 1910 and the expiry of naval orders for gunboats, information on further newbuildings is largely lacking. Only a few newly built tugs are documented from the years 1937, 1975 and 1978. During the Second World War , the company ran into unspecified difficulties. With the two docks, repair and conversion orders for warships, fishing vessels and ferries formed the focus of the orders. The shipyard itself has since been referred to as a repair yard.

In the years from 1948 to 1951, the company expanded the shipyard and created additional buildings and workshops. At the same time, in 1950 it took over the majority of shares in the competitor Estaleiros Navais de Viana do Castelo (ENVC), founded in 1944 . The heirs of H. Parry & Son handed over the management of the shipyard to Jaques de Lacerda on January 2, 1954, who brought the company back into a stable position. In the years that followed, H. Parry continued to be referred to as a repair yard, and no information was available about new buildings. The extent to which the two companies had agreed on a division of tasks between repairs (H. Parry & Son) and new buildings (ENVC) remains to be clarified. When the CUF group became the majority owner of ENVC in 1971, H. Parry & Son also had newbuildings, at least two tugs again.

After the nationalization in 1975, the company did not survive the ongoing shipyard crisis , the decline in fishing fleets and the development of ever larger ships. The order book fell and H. Parry. & Son had to close in 1986 due to bankruptcy.

Tests in automobile construction

At the beginning of the 20th century, the shipyard looked into entering the automotive industry. To this end, the company examined the experiences of the recently founded companies Humber Portugal , of João Garrido from Porto and the entrepreneur Alfredo de Brito and Count de Burnay from Lisbon. De Burnay's experiments were so interesting to H. Parry that the company built six test vehicles in 1901.

Construction list (selection)

There is only sporadic information about new builds, conversions and repairs at the shipyard - often only the names of the ships. An approximation by year of construction:

Surname year Ship type measurement Client Remarks
Alcântara 1860 Passenger ship ? ? First new construction of the shipyard: paddle steamer probably about 30 meters long and a capacity for 200 passengers, others unknown.
Belém 1864 Passenger ship ? ? Paddle steamer, the shipyard's first ship with a steel hull, launched on April 25, 1864; further unknown.
Diogo Cão 1895 River gunboat 44 tons Portuguese Navy Stern paddle steamer with steel hull for colonial service in Mozambique; Retired in 1910.
Pedro de Annaya 1895 River gunboat 44 tons Portuguese Navy Stern paddle steamer with steel hull for colonial service in Mozambique; Retired in 1908.
Honorio Barreto 1895 River gunboat 80 tons Portuguese Navy Stern paddle steamer for colonial service in Guinea; Broken down in 1905.
Chaimite 1898 Gunboat 430 tons Portuguese Navy Seaworthy gunboat for colonial service; the Chaimite was in service in Mozambique from 1899 to 1919, out of service in 1919, broken up in 1921.
Tete 1903 River gunboat 70 tons Portuguese Navy Stern paddle steamer with steel hull for colonial service in Angola; Sunk in February 1917 by a boiler explosion on the Zambezi .
Sena 1904 River gunboat 70 tons Portuguese Navy Sister ship of the Tete ; Stern paddle steamer for colonial service in Angola, decommissioned in 1918.
Três Macs 1904 More beautiful 130 GRT JM da Silva Teles, Lisbon Steel schooner with 60 HP engine for coastal shipping ; sunk by SM U 52 on April 14, 1917 with a cargo of fuel on the way from Lisbon to Gibraltar .
Atlântico 1904 sloop 18 GRT José MS Teles, Lisbon Steel small sailor without auxiliary engine; stranded and recovered on May 10, 1909 off Leixões . further whereabouts unclear.
Lurio 1907 Gunboat 305 tons Portuguese Navy Gunboat with steel hull for colonial service; Retired in 1926.
Save 1908 Gunboat 305 tons Portuguese Navy Gunboat with steel hull for colonial service; Retired in 1929.
Antonio Serra 1937 tractor 110 GRT ? Use as port and river tug; from 1946 as Marialva for Pascoais Unidos (Porto), from 1959 for Sofamar (Lisbon); sunk on December 7, 1959 while sailing from Lisbon to Porto with two barges in tow.
Delius 1943 (repair) Cargo ship 6055 GRT ? Repair of the British freighter Delius, which was damaged by bombs off Lisbon on November 21, 1943 .
Dokhan 1975 tractor 256 GRT Arab Shipbuilding and Repair Yard , Bahrain IMO no. 7528764; built by subcontracting the Estaleiros São Jacinto for Bahrain.
Portel 1978 tractor 256 GRT Soponata , (Sociedade Portuguesa de Navios Tanques), Lisbon IMO no. 7707803; built by subcontracting the Estaleiros São Jacinto ; Port tug in Lisbon, sold in 1985 by Soponata to Rebosado - Reboques Fluviais do Sado, Setúbal.
Altair 1980 (repair) trawler ? Repair of the Soviet trawler Altair ;
Creoula 1981 (renovation) Four Mast - Gaffelschoner 671 GT Portuguese Navy Built in 1937 for cod fishing; Retired in 1973; from around 1981 conversion to a sailing training ship, in service since 1987.
NRP Polar 1984 (renovation) Schooner yacht 77 tons Portuguese Navy In 1983 exchanged by the Portuguese Navy for Sagres II ; Subsequent conversion to a sailing training ship commissioned and commissioned in 1985.

Further use of the site

After the shipyard was closed, all buildings were demolished. The shipyard's two docks have been preserved. Today they are used as a berth for museum ships . In dock two since 2009 is the sailing frigate Dom Fernando il e Gloria , is in the dock one since 2013, a former submarine the Portuguese navy, the NRP Barracuda the Daphne class .

literature

  • Luis Filipe Bayó: Cacilhas e os estaleiros da “Parry” , In: O Pharol number 22, October 2013, pp. 3–7.
  • José Barros Rodrigues: Os Estaleiros H. Parry & Son eo Fracasso da Indústria Automóvel Portuguesa (1896–1901) , [Publisher] Caleidoscópio, Casal de Cambra 2016, ISBN 978-989-658-355-2 .
  • Nicholas W. Mitiukov: Portuguese Navy During the Last Years of the Monarchy , In: International Naval Journal , 2013, Vol. (2), № 2, pp. 70-104 ( online version as PDF ) (Russian).

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b Bayó, p. 5
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g H. Parry & Son, estaleiro no Ginjal at almada-virtual-museum.blogspot.com
  3. ↑ a b c Collection of articles about the shipyard H. Parry & Son at lmcshipsandthesea.blogspot.com
  4. ↑ Francisco Delgado: A Revitalizacao das Frentes Maritimas e Fluviais , Dissertation University of Lisbon 2018 ( online version as PDF ), p. 57f.
  5. ↑ a b Estaleiros Navais H. Parry & Son at restosdecoleccao.blogspot.com
  6. ↑ a b c Bayó, p. 7
  7. ↑ Pedro José Marto Neves: Grandes empresas industriais de um país Pequeno: Portugal. Da década de 1880 à 1a Guerra Mundial , Dissertation Technical University of Lisbon 2007, p. 350 ( online version as PDF )
  8. ↑ a b H. Parry & Son, estaleiro em Cacilhas at almada-virtual-museum.blogspot.com
  9. ↑ cf. also online review of Sorena. 44 anos entre Cacilhas eo Ginjal
  10. ↑ ENVC - Resumo Histórico ( Portuguese ) ENVC. Archived from the original on July 28, 2009. Retrieved February 17, 2014.
  11. ↑ José Barros Rodrigues: Os Estaleiros H. Parry & Son eo Fracasso da Indústria Automóvel Portuguesa (1896–1901) ( cover text of the book at ascari.pt )
  12. ↑ Lancha Canheira Diogo Cão (1895–1910) at osrikinhus.blogspot.com
  13. ↑ a b Mitiukov, p. 97
  14. ↑ Marinha de Guerra no. Séc. XIX (1) (Portuguese)
  15. ↑ Navios da Armada Real de 1638-1910 XIII (Portuguese)
  16. ↑ a b c Navio de Guerra Portugueses at forumdefesa.com
  17. ↑ Chaimite gunboat (1898) at navypedia.org
  18. ↑ Museu de Marinha, Lisbon at Arbeitskreis-historischer-schiffbau.de
  19. ↑ Canonheira Chaimite (1898–1921) at osrikinhus.blogspot.com (photo)
  20. ↑ a b c d Collection of articles on ships by H. Parry & Son at restosdecoleccao.blogspot.com
  21. ↑ Mitiukov, p. 94
  22. ↑ Três Macs (+1917) at wrecksite.eu
  23. ↑ a b Mitiukov, p. 93
  24. ↑ demise of Marialva at naviosavista.blogspot.com
  25. ↑ Data on the Marialva at naviearmatori.net
  26. ↑ Chronicle of the Naval War: November 13-21, 1943 North Atlantic
  27. ↑ Photo of Delius at pinterest
  28. ↑ Data on the Dokhan at maritime-connector.com
  29. ↑ On tractor construction in the 1970s at H. Parry & Son at estivadoresaveiro.blogspot.com
  30. ↑ To the Portel tractor at naviosavista.blogspot.com
  31. ↑ Photo and data of the Portel at transportes-xxi.net
  32. ^ Otmar Schäuffelen, Herbert Böhm: The last great sailing ships , Delius Klasing Verlag, Bielefeld 2010, ISBN 978-3-7688-3191-8 , p. 310f.
  33. ↑ 'Creoula' durante a transformção em NTM at http://lmc-creoula.blogspot.com
  34. ^ Otmar Schäuffelen, Herbert Böhm: The last great sailing ships , Delius Klasing Verlag, Bielefeld 2010, ISBN 978-3-7688-3191-8 , p. 313