Estaleiros São Jacinto

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Estaleiros São Jacinto
legal form SA (joint stock company)
founding 1940
resolution around 2007
Reason for dissolution insolvency
Seat Aveiro , Portugal
management Carlos Roeder (1940–1960?)
Number of employees over 600 (1975)
Branch Metal construction , shipbuilding

The Cruzeiro do Canal built by Estaleiros São Jacinto in 2010

The Estaleiros São Jacinto was a shipyard in São Jacinto that existed from 1940 to around 2007 and at times played a leading role in the development of shipbuilding in Portugal . She built trawlers , tugs , dredgers, as well as small cargo ships , tankers and ferries .

history

Bust of Carlos Roeder in São Jacinto

prehistory

The founder of the shipyard, Carlos Roeder (1902-1960) had, according to his engineering studies in Lisbon and Germany initially Güldner - diesel engines to the fishing company Empresa de Pesca de Aveiro sold and it became a partner in the society. He convinced them of the Dory -Fisheries the trawling switch, left to 1935/36 on the Nakskov Skibsværft in Denmark the first Portuguese wholesale trawlers Santa Joana , build and bought a little later than the second trawler the burned Spitzberg after Repair in Aveiro when Santa Principesa went into service. Due to the future need for more modern trawlers, he tried to set up a shipyard with the Empresa de Pesca de Aveiro , but the fishing company showed no interest.

Foundation and years of development

Former Naval Aviation School in São Jacinto

Carlos Roeder therefore set about founding his own shipyard. A little outside of Aveiro, at the Ria de Aveiro lagoon, on the edge of the municipality of São Jacinto , he found a suitable site on which a fertilizer factory had previously processed fish scraps. It comprised 70,000 square meters of which around 20,000 square meters were built on. With friends and colleagues, he founded the Estaleiros São Jacinto shipyard in 1940 , the establishment of which was supported by the government. This promoted domestic shipbuilding, as it aimed to develop and modernize the Portuguese fleet. When the site was expanded, the shipyard received three slipways over 46.0 meters, 65.5 meters and 70.0 meters in length, which could accommodate ships up to 1,600 tons. Engines from various manufacturers such as MWM , MAN , Sulzer , Mirrlees , Fairbanks , MAK and others were purchased to drive the ships and generate electricity .

During the Second World War , the shipyard was unable to build ships due to the lack of materials. Instead, she worked in metal and mechanical engineering . The best known she built the hangar of the then Naval Aviation School in São Jacinto, which had a span of 60 meters and could accommodate two seaplanes .

Shipbuilding innovations

The cargo ship O Arbiru, built in 1962

The first repair and reconstruction work took place in 1945 when the local trawler São Gonçalo was converted from steam to a diesel engine . A year later, the first new build was the Caramulo coaster for the Empresa de Navegação Continental shipping company from Aveiro and, in 1947, the sister ship Nereus for the Bagão, Nunes & Machado shipping company from Lisbon . In 1951, the Dione for the Empresa Continental de Navegação shipping company followed with a load capacity of 1100 tons . For years she remained the largest ship in the shipyard. These ships were also the first ships to use electric welding in Portugal . The shipyard around Carlos Roeder introduced further innovative techniques in shipbuilding in Portugal in the following years: In 1951 a ship was extended for the first time - at that time not only a novelty in Portugal. The former trawler Rui Alberto of the shipping company Ribamar from Aveiro, which was converted into a cargo ship in 1947, was lengthened by a good 6 meters. However, the main business of the shipping company continued to be overhauling and repairing the local fishing vessels.

The Aveirense trawler built in 1975

The renewal of the fishing fleet, promoted by the Portuguese government from 1955, also led to a good order situation in São Jacinto. The shipyard introduced further innovations: In the side trawler João Ferreira and its sister ships Neptune , Rio Alfusqueiro and Vimieiro , which they built for the Indústria Aveirense de Pesca , they introduced a new and more efficient floor plan and now used alternating current instead of the direct current used previously for lighting. A few years later, the Artevido, the country's first rear trawler , was built in 1960 . This principle was also quickly adopted for inshore fishing and the shipyard manufactured around 30 new stern trawlers, of which the “Vila do Conde” from 1977 was the last of this series.

The Santa Rita de Cássia ferry, built in 1995

Around the beginning of the 1970s, the shipyard expanded its portfolio to include tugs . With the use of Kort nozzles and variable speed gears in the Arad class, the shipyard succeeded in designing a tug with low production and operating costs and high tractive power. It produced 18 of this class, which were also exported. The shipyard had already built individual tankers and bunker ships before and also received orders from the Portuguese Navy, which ordered patrol boats . After trawlers and tugs, the shipyard built its first passenger and ferry ship in 1977 with the Tunes . In the next few years, numerous other ferries followed for use on the Tagus and other rivers, for island transport in the Azores and for export. Transtejo alone placed an order for six ferries, the so-called Cacilheiros .

In the 1980s, the shipyard further developed the stern catchers in trawler construction, many of which were exported to Norway for small-scale deep-sea fishing . One of them is the Sea Prawn, built in 1987 for Arctic Seafood . These ships are also intended for use in the Arctic Circle and are ice-reinforced, equipped for crab catching and processing, and some of them are still in use today.

The 1989 rebuilt ferry Eborense

The totality of the portfolio and the number of new buildings including the innovations led to follow-up orders and at the same time to an increase in the number of employees from 150 to a maximum of over 600 employees in the years from 1975 to at least the early 1980s. At the same time, the shipyard's capacities were exhausted due to the order situation and capacity utilization. For the first time she had to pass on orders. New tug boats were subcontracted to the H. Parry & Son shipyard in Cacilhas - for example the Dokhan and the Portel . At the same time there were initial intentions and plans to expand the shipyard: the capacities should be doubled and ships of up to 6000 tons can be built. However, these plans were not implemented.

From expansion plans to closure

Only fragmentary information is available about the end of the shipyard: After the country joined the European Community and the fishing quotas were reduced , repair and new construction contracts from the local fishing industry collapsed. These could not be absorbed by exports from trawlers - such as to Norway - and by building ferries. At the same time, the pressure in shipbuilding grew from competition from Asian shipyards and as a result of these changed framework conditions and mismanagement, the lack of orders led to bankruptcy and the closure of the company. The closing date is not available; the last known ships built were delivered in 2007. During its existence, the shipyard has built 211 ships.

Construction list (selection)

A construction list of the shipyard does not yet exist in the literature - the entries listed contain a selection of new ships and conversions.

Surname year Ship type measurement Client Remarks
Praia da Costa Nova 1945 Ferry unknown Empresa de Transportes da Ria de Aveiro (ETRA) 16.8 meter long wooden express ferry for 89 passengers; Transported around 2000 residents, shipyard workers and air force personnel between Aveiro and São Jacinto every day; 1996 out of service, since 2013 harbor tours.
Caramulo 1946 Coaster 340 GRT Empresa Continental de Navegacão First actual construction of the shipyard; Mainly used in Portuguese coastal traffic, also trips to Morocco, Greenland and Newfoundland as well as the Mediterranean; 1970 Greek Pioneer , 1979 Cypriot. Radino , probably scrapped after 1992.
Nereus 1947 Coaster 334 GRT Bagão, Nunes & Machado Like the sister ship Caramulo, it is used in coastal traffic and Morocco; 1977 Greek Efii and Kalathos , sunk 120 miles southwest of Port Sudan in the same year.
Dione 1951 Coaster 746 GRT Empresa Continental de Navegacao; Use in coastal traffic and North Africa, the Mediterranean Sea to Newfoundland; most recently mail between Leixões and the Azores and Madeira; Scrapped in Lisbon in 1988;
Rui Alberto 1951 (renovation) trawler 474 GRT Empresa de Navegação Ribamar First ship extension of the yard, the former trawler had been converted into a cargo ship in 1947 and has now been extended; 1947 bought by Ribamar; in service in Morocco's coastal traffic until it was stranded in 1954.
Shell nautilus 1953 Bunker ship 49 GRT Shell Portugal Shell Portugal bunker ship (IMO 5322312); in service in the port of Lisbon from 1953; renamed Sadino ; 2017 out of service; Whereabouts unclear;
João Ferreira 1956 trawler 545 GRT Industry Aveirense de Pesca Sister ship of the other newbuildings Neptune , Rio Alfusqueiro and Vimieiro ; Used in cod fishing, decommissioned 1994 and scrapped;
Atrevido 1960 trawler 172 GRT Pescarias Beira Litoral First stern trawler in Portugal for use in coastal fishing (IMO 5030165); Whereabouts unclear;
O Arbiru 1962 Coaster 486 GRT Serviços de Transportes Marítimos Association from 1963 in Portuguese Timor the colonial capital Dili with the coastal towns as well as Singapore and other neighboring countries for goods and passenger transport. Sunk in a storm in 1973.
Madeirense (2) 1962 Cargo ship 1214 GRT Empresa de Transportes do Funchal biweekly fruit transports from Madeira to Portugal; 1989 on Porto Santo Line and conversion for 120 instead of 12 passengers, sunk in 2000 as an artificial reef.
Santa Isabel 1965 trawler 2056 GRT Empresa de Pesca de Aveiro Formerly port. Stern trawler for deep sea fishing for use off Newfoundland (IMO 6511623), destroyed in a collision in 1971;
Lutador 1967 trawler 1665 GRT Empresa de Pesca Lavadores Stern trawler for deep sea fishing for use off Newfoundland (IMO 6711390); Still in motion in 2018;
P1148 Dom Aleixo 1967 Patrol boat 63 tons Portuguese Navy Coast Guard patrol boat; Retired in 1998.
P1149 Cathedral Jeremias 1968 Patrol boat 63 tons Portuguese Navy Coast Guard patrol boat; Retired in 1998.
Carlos Roeder 1968 trawler 180 GRT ? Stern trawler for inshore fishing (IMO 6900276); further unclear;
Funchalense (3) 1968 Cargo ship 1290 GRT Empresa de Navegação Madeirense New construction of the shipping company and sister ship of Madeirense (2) for the liner transport of general cargo, fruit and passengers between Portugal and Madeira. Sold to Cap Verde in 1989 and scrapped as Jenny in 2009.
Melina 1970 Bunker ship / product tanker 534 GRT Shell Portugal Bunker ship / product tanker; from Shell Portugal (IMO 7010896); in service in the port of Lisbon from 1970; later names Galp Rio (until 2011) and Baia for Enacol, Cap Verde.
Capitão Pisco 1970 trawler 180 GRT Testa & Cunhas Stern trawler for inshore fishing; Stranded in Figueira in 1986;
Corroios 1970 tractor 205 GRT Lisnave Formerly the shipyard's tug, also equipped for fire fighting (IMI 7037246); Assignment in Lisbon for Lisnave (1970–2000), then for Lisbontugs (2000–2005), for Svitzer Lisboa (2005–2007), from 2007 for Epinosul; In 2011 in Luanda / Angola.
Britons 1971 trawler 1951 GRT Brites, Vaz & Irmãos Deep sea trawlers for use on the Newfoundland Bank (IMO: 7107431); 1997 taken over by the Empresa de Pesca João Vilarinho; In operation in 2018;
Coimbra 1972 trawler 1951 GRT Empresa de Pesca de Sao Jacinto Deep sea trawler for use on the Newfoundland Bank (IMO 7228091); unclear whether still in motion.
Aveirense 1974 trawler 1990 GRT Empresa de Pesca Lavadores Rear trawler for deep sea fishing for use off Newfoundland (IMO: 7362823); In operation in 2019;
Arad 1976 tractor 258 GRT Arab Shipbuilding and Repair Yard , Bahrain First of 6 Arad class tugs for Bahrain, using Kort nozzles; also equipped for fighting fires and pollutants and as a rescue tug; Sister ships El Azil , Sawad , Al Qalaa , Dokhan and Ryya Noon . Another 8 buildings for Lisnave , 2 for Soponata and 2 for Setenave .
Do it 1977 Passenger ship 893 GRT Companhia Portuguesa dos Caminhos de Ferro Together with the sister ship Pinhal Novo, the shipyard's first passenger ship; Delivered in 1979; 1994 to Soflusa - Soc. Fluvial de Transportes ; Shut down in 2004, under panam in 2005. Flag to Angola sold as Kwanza Tours II , 2006 Espresso dos Bijagós on the Bissau - Bubaque route, whereabouts unclear.
Vila do Conde 1977 trawler 1992 BRT Tavares, Mascarenhas, Neves & amp Deep sea fishing stern trawler (IMO 7385071). Broken down in 1998.
Principe da Beira 1981 Ferry 313 GRT Veltagus-Companhia de Navios Charter Lda Until 2015 as a Montes Claros ferry on the Tagus, since then harbor tours in Lisbon (IMO 7813236).
Cruzeiro do Canal 1987 Ferry 227 GRT Região Autónoma dos Açores The Atlânticoline ferry operates in the Azores between the islands of Pico , Faial and São Jorge .
Sea prawn 1987 trawler 345 GRT Arctic Seafood, Tromso Sea Prawn , sale 1990: Otrøying , sale 1993: Oscar Sund , 2006: Meredian , in service in 2019.
Eborense 1989 (renovation) Ferry 460 GRT TT-Transtejo Transportes Built in 1953 by Estaleiros Navais de Viana do Castelo for use on the Tagus near Lisbon (IMO 8966767); Launched in 1983; 1989 rebuilt in Aveiro, 1991 new motorized;
Rio Agueda 1993 trawler 172 GT ? IMO 9034262, Rio Agueda ; Sold to Senegal in 2016: Senefand Uno , sunk off Senegal in 2017.
Santa Rita de Cássia 1995 ferry 184 GRT Caminha municipality IMO 8611300; connects the Galician coastal town of A Guarda with Caminha in Portugal all year round on the Río Miño ; 2019 in motion.
Sao jacinto 169 1996 Passenger ship 217 GRT ? IMO 8811235; further unclear.
Odd Lundberg 2000 trawler 599 GRT Odd Lundberg, Gratangen, Harstad Odd Lundberg , enlarged to 768 GRT in 2003, sold to Sierra Leone in 2015: Gromoboy , handed over to Russia in 2016, underway in 2019.
Skår Senior I. 2002 trawler 1119 GRT Skår Senior, Nerlandsøy, Ålesund Skår Senior I , 2003: Skår Senior , 2008 enlargement to 1195 GRT, 2011: Havstål , 2015: Odd Lundberg , 2018: Morten Einar , underway in 2019.
Rosenborg 2007 trawler 383 GRT Hansson Fiskeriselskap, Åfjord, Trondheim Rosenborg , 2008: Radek , extended to 549 GRT in 2013, Radek Senior in 2015, handed over to Cameroon in 2015 Jorge R , underway in 2019.

literature

  • Paulo Jorge Martins da Brázia: A Marinha Mercante entre 1945–1985. As Grandes Armadoras , Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon 2010, ( online version as PDF ; 43 MB).
  • Alexandre Dias Pedro: A Construção Naval em Aveiro. O Caso dos Estaleiros Navais de São Jacinto , eBook, 2018.
  • Luís Miguel Correia: Lisbon Ferry tales. River Tagus Steamers, Ferries and Catamarans , EIN Nautica, Lisbon 2012; ISBN 978-972-8536-18-3 .

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Orlando Raimundo: O Último Salazarista - A outra face de Américo Thomaz , Publicações Dom Quixote 2017, e-book, ISBN 978-9722-06249-7 , ( limited preview in Google book search )
  2. ^ Victor MP Da Rosa, Carlos Teixeira, José Carlos Teixeira (editors): The Portuguese in Canada: Diasporic Challenges and Adjustment , University of Toronto Press, Toronto 2009, ISBN 978-1-4426-8882-7 , p. 47 ( restricted Preview in Google Book Search )
  3. ↑ Trawler "Santa Joana" at arkiv.dk
  4. ↑ Recordandoo arrastão bacalhoeiro “Santa Joana” at naviosavista.blogspot.com
  5. ↑ Spitzberg at trawlerphotos.co.uk
  6. ↑ Brázia, p 86
  7. ↑ a b Estaleiros de São Jacinto. 50 anos de História at aeje.pt (Portuguese)
  8. ↑ a b c d Os Estaleiros de São Jacinto at terralampada.blogspot.com (Portuguese)
  9. ↑ Caramulo at digitaltmuseum.se
  10. ↑ a b Nereus at naviosvelhos.blogspot.com
  11. ↑ a b Dione at naviosavista.blogspot.com
  12. ↑ O encalhe do Dione at maolmar.blogs.sapo.pt
  13. ↑ a b Dione at naviosenavegadores.blogspot.com
  14. ↑ a b Dione at cabodofimdomundo.blogspot.com
  15. ↑ a b Rui Alberto at naviosenavegadores.blogspot.com
  16. ↑ a b Os estaeiros navais de São Jacinto projectavam grande expansão em 1977 at naviosavista.blogspot.com
  17. ↑ a b c d e Norwegian trawlers built by Estaleiros Sao Jacinto at sjohistorie.no
  18. ↑ Estaleiros São Jacinto at mikoslab.blogspot.com
  19. ↑ Empresa dos Estaleiros de São Jacinto com morte anunciada at publico.pt
  20. ↑ Praia da Costa Nova at aveironosso.pt
  21. ↑ Praia da Costa Nova at shipspotting.com
  22. ↑ 74 anos de história flutuante at litoralmagazine.com
  23. ↑ Recordando o encalhe do navio-motor "Caramulo" at naviosavista.blogspot.com
  24. ^ Report on the stranding of the "Nereua" in Morocco
  25. ^ Photo of the "Nereus" at digitaltmuseum.se
  26. ↑ port. Cargo ships under 1000 tons (including Dione ) at naviosvelhos.blogspot.com
  27. ↑ Data from Shell Nautilus at helderline.com
  28. ↑ João Ferreira at
  29. ↑ João Ferreira at navegaraemposta.blogspot.com
  30. ↑ Arrastões costeiros em Aveiro at lmcshipsandthesea.blogspot.com
  31. ↑ O cargueiro “Madeirense” at marilheu.com
  32. ↑ Santa Isabel - Santa Cristina at aeje.pt
  33. ↑ Lutador at shipsnostalgia.com
  34. ↑ a b trawlers Lutador and Aveirense at pedrofranca.pt
  35. ↑ a b Dom Aleixo patrol boats (1967) at navypedia.org
  36. ↑ Carlos Roeder at balticshipping.com
  37. ↑ Funchalense (3) at nok-schiffsbilder.de
  38. ↑ Melina at helderline.com
  39. ↑ Capitão Pisco at marintimidades.blogspot.com
  40. ↑ Capitão Pisco at lmcshipsandthesea.blogspot.com
  41. ↑ Corroios at transportes-xxi.net
  42. ↑ Corroios at barcos-navios.blogspot.com
  43. ↑ Brites at naviosenavegadores.blogspot.com
  44. ↑ Coimbra at mmi.tt.pt
  45. ↑ Coimbra at balticshipping.com
  46. ↑ Arad at estivadoresaveiro.blogspot.com
  47. ↑ Tunes at naviosavista.blogspot.com
  48. ↑ Vila do Conde at mmi.tt.pt
  49. ↑ Vila do Conde at shipspotting.com
  50. ↑ Cruzeiro do Canal at transmacor.pt (web archive from December 23, 2014)
  51. ↑ Eborense at naviearmatori.net
  52. ↑ esys message: trawler sank off Dhaka
  53. ↑ Santa Rita de Cássia at shipspotting.com
  54. ↑ Sao Jacinto 169 at vesselfinder.com