Hakaru Hashimoto

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Hakaru Hashimoto

Hakaru Hashimoto ( Japanese 橋本 策 , Hashimoto Hakaru ; born May 5, 1881 in Midai, Nishitsuge, Ahai-gun (today: Midai, Iga ), Mie Prefecture ; † January 9, 1934 ) was a Japanese pathologist and surgeon . He discovered Hashimoto's thyroiditis ( autoimmune thyroiditis ) named after him .

Hashimoto was born the third son of the doctor Hashimoto Kennosuke. He was a devout Buddhist and a lover of Japanese theater.

education and profession

Hashimoto was the third son in a traditional medical family. He was particularly influenced by his grandfather Gen'i Hashimoto, who was a famous doctor in the dying Edo period and who had studied western surgical techniques at one of the Dutch medical schools in Japan.

After graduating from high school No. 3, Hashimoto began studying medicine in 1903 at the Fukuoka Medical School , which has been the Medical Faculty of the Kyushu Imperial University since 1911 . After graduating in 1907, he worked in the surgical clinic from 1908 to 1912 under Professor Miyake Hayari , a pioneer in neurosurgery.

In his dissertation with the title Struma lymphomatosa , Hashimoto describes four histological characteristics of the thyroid disease that was later named after him:

  1. Diffuse lymphocytic infiltration,
  2. Formation of lymphoid follicles ,
  3. Destruction of epithelial cells,
  4. Fibrous Tissue Proliferation .

From this he concluded that “there must be a factor that stimulates the expansion of lymphatic cells, but this is still unknown at the moment”. Hashimoto published this dissertation in a German journal in 1912 in order to make it known internationally, and it was practically unknown in his homeland. In the same year he went to Göttingen , where he worked on urogenital tuberculosis with the pathologist Eduard Kaufmann. Stays in Berlin and London followed.

Due to the death of his father and the beginning of the First World War , he traveled back to Japan via London in 1915. After a short stay at Kyushu University, he returned to his homeland and took over his father's rural clinic the following year. The main focus of his work was visceral surgery . In 1934 he died of typhus at the age of 52 .

Hashimoto's research results were questioned by Ewing in 1922, supported by Graham & MacCullagh in 1931. In 1957, Hachinen Akita again drew attention to the now almost forgotten Hashimoto and his merit. In 1962 a similar classification followed on an international level by Deborah Doniach and Ivan Roitt .

A memorial stele in Midai is in honor of Hashimoto, the Japanese Thyroid Society ( 日本 甲状腺 学会 , Nihon Kōjōsen Gakkai ) has it in its logo, and a street ( 橋本 通 り , Hashimoto-dōri ) of the medical campus of Kyūshū University is named after him.

literature

  • Clark T. Sawin: The heritage of Dr. Hakaru Hashimoto (1881-1934) . In: Endocrine Journal . tape 49 , no. 4 , August 2002, ISSN  0918-8959 , p. 399-403 , doi : 10.1507 / endocrj.49.399 , PMID 12402970 .
  • Nobuyuki Amino, Hisato Tada, Yoh Hidaka, Kazuo Hashimoto: Hashimoto's disease and Dr. Hakaru Hashimoto . In: Endocrine Journal . tape 49 , no. 4 , August 2002, ISSN  0918-8959 , p. 393-397 , doi : 10.1507 / endocrj.49.393 , PMID 12402969 .
  • Satō Hiroshi: Hashimoto-byō no rekishi. (History of Hashimoto's Disease) In: The Japanese Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Volume 87, No. 6, June 2010, pp. 831-837.

Web links

Commons : Hakaru Hashimoto  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b 橋本 策 生 誕 地 碑 . Iga, archived from the original on January 10, 2007 ; Retrieved May 29, 2011 (Japanese).
  2. ↑ 橋本 策 は し も と - は か る . In: デ ジ タ ル 版 日本人 名 大 辞典 + Plus /kotobank.jp. Kodansha, 2009, accessed May 29, 2011 (Japanese).
  3. ↑ Sabine Schuchart: Hakaru Hashimoto was way ahead of his time. Deutsches Ärzteblatt 2017, Volume 114, Issue 3 of January 20, 2017, Page 128.
  4. ↑ 第三 高等学校 , Dai san Kōtōgakkō. These old-type high schools, of which there were only a small number, were fully geared towards educating an elite.
  5. ↑ At that time this school was a branch of the Imperial University of Kyōto ( 京都帝国大学 福岡 医科大学 , Kyōto teikokudaigaku Fukuoka ikadaigaku ).
  6. ↑ Kōjōsen rinpa-setu sho-teki henka ni kansuru kenkyū hōkoku
  7. ↑ Hakaru Hashimoto: To the knowledge of the lymphomatous changes in the thyroid gland (goiter lymphomatosa) . In: Archives for Clinical Surgery . tape 97 , 1912, pp. 219-248 .
  8. ↑ In this war Japan stood on the side of England against Germany.
  9. ↑ 日本 甲状腺 学会 の ロ ゴ に つ い て . 日本 甲状腺 学会 , Retrieved May 29, 2011 (Japanese).
  10. ↑ キ ャ ン パ ス 風景 . Kyushu University, accessed May 29, 2011 (Japanese).
personal data
SURNAME Hashimoto, Hakaru
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 橋本 策 (Japanese)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Japanese surgeon and pathologist
DATE OF BIRTH May 5, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Midai (today: Iga )
DATE OF DEATH January 9, 1934
Place of death Mie prefecture