Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen Gibb

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Sir Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen Gibb (also known for short under the name HAR Gibb , born January 2, 1895 in Alexandria , Egypt , † October 22, 1971 in Shipston-on-Stour , Warwickshire ) was a Scottish Islamic scholar , orientalist and Middle East expert .

Life

Born in Alexandria, he returned to Scotland for school at the age of five after his father's death. His studies at the University of Edinburgh were interrupted by the First World War, in which he served in France and Italy in the Royal Field Artillery . He was honored for his services. After the war, he studied Arabic at the University of London's School of Oriental Studies and received his MA in 1922 - he wrote his dissertation on the Muslim conquests of Central Asia . In the same year he married Helen Jessie (Ella), with whom he had a son and a daughter.

From 1921 to 1937 Gibb taught Arabic at the School of Oriental Studies and was appointed professor in 1930. He became one of the editors of the Encyclopaedia of Islam at that time. In 1937 he succeeded DS Margoliouth as laudian professor of Arabic at St. John's College , Oxford , and remained there for 18 years. Gibbs Mohammedanism , published in 1949, became the basic text for Western students of Islam for an entire generation.

In 1955 he became James Richard Jewett Professor of Arabic at Harvard University and also “University professor,” a rare title bestowed on only a few scholars who “work on the frontiers of science, crossing the boundaries between conventional specialties. “He later became director of Harvards Center For Middle Eastern Studies , and in that capacity he became the leader of the movement in American universities to establish centers for regional studies, to bring together teachers, researchers and students of various disciplines to bring together the culture and society of a region of the world Study world. A library at Harvard, the "Gibb Islamic Seminar Library" , is named in honor of him.

In 1944 he was elected a member of the British Academy . In addition, Gibb was made an honorary foreign member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1947 . On July 6, 1954, he was knighted as a Knight Bachelor ("Sir").

Fonts (selection)

  • The Arab Conquests in Central Asia. London: Royal Asiatic Society 1923 digitized
  • Arabic Literature - An Introduction (1926), also (1963), Clarendon Press.
  • ( Gustav Edmund von Grunebaum , ed.): Arab literature history. Shown by Hamilton AR Gibb and Jacob M. Landau . Zurich [u. a.]: Artemis-Verl., 1968 ( The Library of the Orient )
  • Ibn Batuta , 1304-1377 (1929), (original Arabic title Tuhfat al-'anzar fi ghara'ib al-'amsar ), English translation by Gibb.
  • Travels in Asia and Africa, 1325-1354 (1929), translated and selected with an introduction and notes, RM McBride.
  • Note by Professor HAR Gibb (1939), from Arnold J. Toynbee, A Study of History , Part I. C I ( b ) Annex I , p. 400-02.
  • Modern Trends in Islam , University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1947 digitized ; New edition by Octagon Books, New York 1978, ISBN 0-374-93046-5
  • Mohammedanism: An Historical Survey (1949) retitled Islam: An Historical Survey (1980), Oxford ( Online Chapter The Koran ; Online Chapter The Sharia )
  • Islamic Society and the West with Harold Bowen (vol. 1 1950, vol. 2 1957).
  • Shorter Encyclopedia of Islam (1953), edited with JH Kramers , Brill.
  • The Encyclopaedia of Islam (1954-), new ed. Edited by a number of leading orientalists, including Gibb, under the patronage of the International Union of Academies. Leiden: Brill, along with that edited by JH Kramers , and É. Levi Provençal .
  • Islamic Biographical Literature, (1962) in Historians of the Middle East , eds. Bernard Lewis and PM Holt, Oxford U. Press.
  • Studies on the Civilization of Islam (1982), Princeton University Press .

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Deceased Fellows. British Academy, accessed June 1, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Knights and Dames: FOX-GZ at Leigh Rayment's Peerage
personal data
SURNAME Gibb, Hamilton Alexander Rosskeen
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gibb, Sir Hamilton; Gibb, HR
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Scottish Islamic scholar and Middle East expert
DATE OF BIRTH January 2, 1895
PLACE OF BIRTH Alexandria , Egypt
DATE OF DEATH October 22, 1971
Place of death Shipston-on-Stour , Warwickshire