Hammer Grünberg
The Hammer Green Mountain , in the town district Grünberg of the Upper Palatinate town fire located, has existed since the 14th century. The machine hammer was driven by the water of the Fichtelnaab .
history
In 1480 the brothers Sebastian and Wolfgang von Hirschberg transferred “the hammer and hammerstat on the Waldnaab, located between Ebenode and Brandt, and is called zum Grünperge” to Simon Gropp , a citizen of Wunsiedel . In 1515 the hammer passed from Simon Gropp to Mothl (Matthes) Schreyer . The Schreyer were a long-established Hammer family : Sebastian Schreyer († 1372), a Nuremberg patrician, owned the Kronau hammer and the Trevesen hammer . In 1488 Hans Schreyer was enfeoffed at Waldeck with the hammer Kronau and in 1515 his son of the same name Hans became the successor in Kronau, whose brother Sebastian became the owner of Trevesen. The third brother Mothl (Matthes) Schreyer receives the Hammer Grünberg. In 1546 he joined the hammer cleaning company in Upper Palatinate . The hammer cleaning guaranteed the annual delivery of three pounds of iron stone (approx. 151 cubic meters). He is followed by his son Mathes , who in 1582 built a castle-like house next to the Hammerhütte, on which the sign “M 15 ?? 82 S “is attached. Around 1630, Hansen's widow or her sons owned the impracticable Blechhammer zu Grünberg. In 1642 it was said that the hammer was open again. In a report dated January 16, 1666 about the state of mining and hammering in the Upper Palatinate, Grünberg reports: “ The hammer zu Grünberg belongs to Jacoben Schreyer and is viable, takes away the bad ore from Neuensorg and Rigelsreuth. "
From 1681/82 the sons of Jakob Schreyer sen. the fantasy name "Blumenthal". On April 6, 1689, Elector Max Emanuel raised the five brothers to the nobility, "that they call themselves von Blumenthal, also from their other seats". From 1720 the Schreyer von Blumenthal gave up the name Schreyer entirely and called themselves only von Blumenthal . After 1700 Grünberg came to a Künsberg by marriage . A list from August 27, 1783 describes the noble lute hammer of Frau von Künsberg as a weapon hammer . So there has been a conversion from a tin hammer to a gun hammer. Her successor was their daughter Anna Maria von Künsberg , widowed Obleti . With a letter of January 10, 1757 to the government in Amberg, the latter applied for freedom of castle property, d. H. independence from the feudal rule of Ebnath and Schwarzenreuth. This was approved for her in the same year and in 1763 she sold Grünberg "from free hand". The hammer is mentioned in the tax and duty registers until 1762 (“a hammer house with tenant residents and a blacksmith's house with an armorer”).
The buyer was the leaseholder of Ebnath, Peter Schiener , who thereby became the hammer owner. One of his daughters married the journeyman hammermith Wolfgang Altnöder in 1777 , the other married journeyman miller Johann Georg Besold in 1794 (the estate also included a mill and a cutter). After that, the former hammer estate was divided into three parts, namely the Waffenhammergütl, the mill and the Hammerhof. Wolfgang Altnöder continued to operate the hammer and built his own house in 1792, which is still called “at the armory” today. The last gunsmith was Ignaz Altnöder sen. He shut down the hammer in 1897 and from then on operated a cutting saw .
Operation of the Grünberg hammer
The hammer Grünberg was on the right side of the Fichtelnaab. In order to provide the plant with sufficient water, water was supplied from a pond originally on the left, which was fed by the so-called Grundbach. This was made possible by raising the slope by means of a dam and a wooden channel over the Fichtelnaab. The terms “Altweiher” and “Fallwiese” can still be found in the floor plan. Between 1700 and 1800 a new large pond was created to the right of the Naab and the water wheels for operating the plant were now overhauled.
The ore for the plant came from the Riglasreuth , Neusorg and Pullenreuth mines ; In 1665 it was expressly stated that "take the bad doctor from Neuensorg and Riglsreuth". The necessary for the melting shop charcoal was in own kilns produced. A report dated November 12, 1841 said that a pile was erected with 24 ½ fathoms of logs (1 fathom is 3.13 cubic meters) and in the next week a pile with 14 fathoms of logs and 27 fathoms of sticks. The last hammer master from Grünberg said that he also used pine cones, which develop a lot of heat, for lighting. The collectors were paid one cruiser for each Metzen (approx. 37 l).
A special feature of the "Grimpergk tin hammer" was that it made the Deuchel itself, which was forbidden to the other members of the hammer cleaning company . The plant was next to the large tail hammer still wave a stamp mill , a Zerennwelle for the bellows and a "beggar wave" meaning an insignificant shaft (begging = stuff ) is meant without the exact purpose stated.
Since sheet metal was produced by rolling in the state sheet metal works in the 18th century , the privately operated sheet metal hammers were no longer competitive and switched to gun hammers. When this was the case in Grünberg is not precisely documented, but it is certain from 1762 onwards. A wide variety of tools were produced here (hoes, hatchets, clippers, plowshares, picks, pickaxes, hicks, forks, shovels, hammers, mallets, wagon tires, cycling shoes , Wheel axles, anvils, hop stems). Grünberg also supplied bar irons in various strengths for the nail smithy .
literature
- Götschmann, Dirk: Upper Palatinate iron. Mining and iron industry in the 16th and 17th centuries. Ed. Association of Friends and Patrons of the Mining and Industry Museum in East Bavaria (= volume 5 of the series of publications by the Mining and Industry Museum in East Bavaria), Theuern 1985, ISBN 3-924350-05-1 , pp. 76-82.
- Hans Müller-Ihl: Hofmark Ebnath. Home on the upper Fichtelnaab. Ebnath community administration, Coburg 1979.
- H. Schellein: From the iron hammers on the upper Fichtelnaab. In: Hans Müller-Ihl (1979), pp. 215-221.
- H. Schellein: The trimmings of a hammer - with special consideration of that of Grünberg. In: Hans Müller-Ihl (1979), pp. 222-226.
- Herbert Sturm: Historical Atlas of Bavaria: Kemnath. District judge Waldeck-Kemnath with sub-office Pressath. Munich 1975, in: Hans Müller-Ihl (1979), pp. 47-122.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Julius thinking: contributions to the history of the mountain and hammer being in the Electoral Palatinate. 1902, p. 187.
Coordinates: 49 ° 57 '19.1 " N , 11 ° 53' 50.4" E