Hammudids

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The Hammudids ( Arabic بنو حمود, DMG Banū Hammud ) were one of northern Morocco native Berber dynasty in Málaga and Algeciras (1016-1058).

Ali ibn Hammud an-Nasir (1016-1018) won rule over Málaga and Cordoba as general of the Berber troops and governor of Ceuta in alliance with the Zirids of Granada in 1016 . He killed the Umayyad caliph Sulaiman al-Mustain and made himself the new caliph. He installed his brother al-Qasim al-Mamun as governor in Seville (see also: Caliphate of Córdoba ). Ali was murdered in 1018, but al-Qasim al-Mamun (1018-1021) was able to assert himself in Córdoba and continue the Hammudid dynasty there. With some skill he asserted himself against the various power groups in Andalusia . For example, an Umayyad counter-caliph ( Abd ar-Rahman IV ) was defeated and killed by the allied Zirids . However, he was overthrown in 1021 by a conspiracy of his nephew Yahya al-Mutali , but was able to flee to Seville. Yahya (1021-1023) withdrew to Málaga as early as 1023, when Córdoba became too unsafe for him because of its restless population. Al-Qasim ascended the throne of the caliphate again, but was driven out again by an uprising. He was captured by Yahya al-Mutali, who had him executed after prolonged arrest.

Between 1023 and 1025, Abd ar-Rahman V and Muhammad III ruled . again caliphs of the Umayyads , but Yahya al-Mutali returned to Córdoba in 1025. However, he no longer took over the meanwhile insignificant office of caliph, but instead gave it to a deputy before he returned to Malaga. After the death of Yahya in 1035, the Hammudid began to decline rapidly. The Abbadids of Seville and the Zirids of Granada were able to conquer Algeciras and Málaga in 1058 and abolish the rule of the Hammudids.

literature

  • Ulrich Haarmann : History of the Arab World. Edited by Heinz Halm . 4th revised and expanded edition. CH Beck, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-406-47486-1 ( Beck's historical library ).
  • Stephan Ronart, Nandy Ronart: Lexicon of the Arab World. A historical-political reference work. Artemis Verlag, Zurich et al. 1972, ISBN 3-7608-0138-2 .