Hansahaus (Dresden)

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Hansahaus (Dresden) was a main building of Dresden Airport on Flughafenstrasse, today Wilhelmine-Reichard- Ring

Demolition of the Hansahaus
Demolition of the Hansahaus

description

In July 1935 the first plane took off from Dresden-Klotzsche Airport. The huge administration and reception building with white facades was a two-story, elongated building with a basement and a flat roof. On the right-hand side, coming from the city, on the northeast side, there was another floor with a tower-like elevation, an octagonal tower attachment for radio and weather service and for control and navigation purposes. The reception hall, the office of the airport police, the post office, the customs office and the radio station were on the first floor. The building had a main entrance on the side, not in the middle and pompous as usual in Nazi architecture. The simple building did without embellishments and other New German features. The 104 meter long building had 96 office and service rooms, a restaurant in the foyer and an airport restaurant for 124 guests with a roof terrace for 750 guests next to the check-in hall, as well as hotel rooms and a bowling alley. There were also relaxation rooms, a company restaurant and other technically used rooms.

history

On March 11, 1934, the Reich Ministry of Aviation decided to close the Dresden airfield on the Heller and build a new one on the Rähnitzer Höhe near Klotzsche . For this purpose, an area of ​​85 hectares was cleared, six wasteland farms and a water reservoir were removed. Construction began in June 1934. The Berlin architect Kurt Otto, a student of Heinrich Tessenow , made the plans for the main airport building: the Hansahaus. A Saxon airport operating company was founded for the construction of the airport . Under their leadership, the runway (a 1460 meter × 1025 meter taxiway), six hangars, a hangar (for servicing, repairing and refueling the aircraft), the Hansahaus as a reception and administration building, a command post and a siding to the Dresden – Görlitz railway line from Dresden-Klotzsche station and other technical systems. The airport opened on July 11, 1935. The civil air traffic now beginning served the routes Berlin via Dresden to Vienna and Prague , flown by Deutsche Luft Hansa as well as Austrian and Czechoslovak airlines. In the beginning there were other airlines to Hamburg , Cologne , Halle - Leipzig , Nuremberg , Wroclaw and Hanover as well as other German cities. The Dresden Air War School was built alongside the airport . In the spacious area with around 60 new buildings and additional hangars, officers were trained as early as 1936. From April 1, 1937, the Luftwaffe took over all administrative operations. Civil aviation was discontinued in 1940 due to the war. Dresden-Klotzsche Airport became an air base. Dresden thus became a control center for the military air war. At the end of the Second World War , Klotzsche was bombed by the Soviet air forces on May 9, around noon . The airport was not hit and damaged. Soviet troop units occupied the intact airport facilities and the air war school. In the following years the Soviet aviation units used the airport for training purposes.

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In the 1950s, the GDR began planning to build its own aircraft production and in 1955 the airport was taken over by the German authorities, with the Hansahaus continuing to function as an administration building. A new runway with a length of 2500 meters and a width of 80 meters was created. Furthermore, two large assembly halls and several buildings and technical systems were built. With the completion, the production of Ilyushin Il-14 passenger aircraft began. In 1959, the resumption of civil air traffic began on May 22nd when a charter plane from the Hungarian airline Malév landed in Dresden-Klotzsche. Another attempt to build their own aircraft failed when one of the prototypes of the type 152 crashed near Ottendorf-Okrilla . In 1962 the National People's Army took over the airport and the Hansahaus; the aircraft factory became the aircraft yard . In addition to the military repairs, Deutsche Lufthansa (GDR) initially took over the air traffic and the use of the Hansahaus , followed by Interflug . In 1955 the airport was taken over by the German authorities. A new runway was created. In 1959, the resumption of civil air traffic began on May 22nd when a charter plane from the Hungarian airline Malév landed in Dresden-Klotzsche. Initially, Deutsche Lufthansa (GDR) (hereinafter Interflug ) took over the air traffic and the use of the Hansahaus. As a result of the air traffic that started now, the Hansahaus reached its capacity limit in the 1970s. In 1974 the Hansahaus was extensively renovated under the direction of the architects Günter Fischer and Peter Schmutzler, and the interior design was carried out by Klaus-Helmut Kaufmann. The extensions were made in a monolithic reinforced concrete and steel construction. In the 1980s there was a closure due to a standstill of construction work, so that air traffic could only be resumed on October 31, 1989.

At the beginning of the 1990s, the number of passengers rose rapidly, so that the Hansahaus again reached its capacity limit. As a result, a new terminal, Terminal 2, was built next to the Hansahaus, Terminal 1, but this was only enough for a short time, so that in 1995 a further extension was necessary. On September 8, 1998, the major renovation of the airport began. In assembly hall 219, the world's largest pillar-less industrial hall when it was built, it was converted into a Dresden Airport terminal . With a length of 170 meters, a width of 150 meters and a height of 25 meters, it has become a gigantic terminal.

It is remarkable that the Hansahaus was still on the list of monuments in 1995, but was no longer listed in 2004. The Flughafen Dresden GmbH decided to demolish the Hansa House for a covered parking area for small aircraft. The demolition work began on October 20, 2010 and was completed in spring 2011. Despite many objections to preserving the Hansahaus, a remarkable architecturally and historically significant 75 year old building disappeared.

literature

  • Carl Pirath: Airports, room layout, operation and design , Berlin 1937
  • Karl Dieter Seifert: Air traffic 1913–40 and the construction of Dresden Airport , in: Dresden Airport. History and present of Dresden aviation , publisher: Flughafen Dresden GmbH, Dresden 2000
  • Hartmut Ellrich: Dresden 1933–45, The historical travel guide , Ch. Linksverlag Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-86153-498-3

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dresden districts. Retrieved March 20, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Dresden Airport. The New Dresden, accessed on March 20, 2020 .
  3. ^ Dresden Airport. Dresden-Airport, accessed on March 20, 2020 .
  4. ^ Karl Dieter Seifert: Air traffic 1913-40 and the construction of Dresden Airport , in: Dresden Airport. History and present of Dresden aviation , publisher: Flughafen Dresden GmbH, Dresden 2000
  5. ↑ Klotzscher-Heideblatt. (PDF) Retrieved March 20, 2020 .