Harpacticoida

Harpacticoida
Copepod of the order Harpacticoida
Systematics
Over trunk : Molting animals (Ecdysozoa) Trunk : Arthropod (arthropoda) Sub-stem : Crustaceans (Crustacea) Class : Maxillopoda Subclass : Copepods (Copepoda) Order : Harpacticoida
Scientific name
Harpacticoida
GO Sars , 1903

The Harpacticoida form an order of copepods . This includes 463 genera with around 3000 species worldwide. These are very small copepods that are mainly found on the bottom of the oceans, in the sand gap system of the beaches, but also in the groundwater. Species found in freshwater mainly belong to the families Ameiridae , Parastenocarididae and Canthocamptidae , for example Canthocamptus tasmaniae . Few species of this order live in plankton . In the meiofauna of the sediments, however, they form the second most important group after the roundworms .

features

In contrast to other copepods, the Harpacticoida have only relatively short first antennae with a maximum of eight limbs. Since these antennae are used for locomotion in the water, the Harpacticoida are bad swimmers and therefore mostly live on or in the bottom. The second antennas are two-branched. The body shape of these copepods is cylindrical, either worm-shaped or with a noticeably wide abdomen .

Way of life

The majority of the harpactic copepods belong to the benthos of the seas. They live in the mud and in the sand gaps of the coasts and beaches, where they feed on unicellular algae , cyanobacteria , flagellates , ciliates , fungi and heterotrophic and chemoautotrophic bacteria . Some species build tubes in the mud or in the algae mats that they line with a secretion.

Systematics

The order Harpacticoida currently comprises 54 families:

Adenopleurellidae Aegisthidae Ambunguipedidae Ameiridae Ancorabolidae Argestidae Balaenophilidae Cancrincolidae Canthocamptidae Canuellidae Cerviniidae Chappuisiidae Cletodidae Cletopsyllidae Clytemnestridae Cristacoxidae Cylindropsyllidae Darcythompsoniidae

Ectinosomatidae Udderpinidae Hamondiidae Harpacticidae Huntemanniidae Laophontidae Laophontopsidae Latiremidae Leptastacidae Leptopontiidae Longipediidae Louriniidae Metidae Miraciidae Dana, 1846 including Diosaccidae Sars, 1906 Neobradyidae Normanellidae Novocriniidae

Orthopsyllidae Paramesochridae Parastenheliidae Parastenocarididae Peltidiidae Phyllognathopodidae Porcellidiidae Pseudotachidiidae Rhizothricidae Rotundiclipeidae Styracothoracidae Superornatiremidae Tachidiidae Tegastidae Tetragonicipitidae Thalestridae Thompsonulidae Tisbidae

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Clio Cnudde: Trophic ecology of intertidal harpacticoid copepods, with emphasis on their interactions with bacteria. Dissertation at Ghent University , 2013 ( abstract )
2. ^ GT Chandler & J. w. Fleeger: Tube-building by a marine meiobenthic harpacticoid copepod. Marine Biology, 82, pp. 15-19, 1984

literature

• P. Bodin: Catalog of the new marine Harpacticoid Copepods (1997 Edition). Documents de travail de l'Institut des Sciences naturelles de Belgigue, p. 304, 1997
• R. Huys, JM Gee, CG Moore, R. Hamond: Marine and Brackish Water Harpacticoid Copepods, Part 1. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series), 51, p. 352, 1996
• R. Huys and GA Boxshall: Copepod Evolution. The Ray Society, London, p. 468, 1991

Web links

Commons : Harpacticoida  - collection of images, videos and audio files