Hartmut Kallmann

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Hartmut Paul Kallmann (born February 5, 1896 in Berlin , † June 11, 1978 in Munich ) was a German physicist .

Life

Hartmut Paul Kallmann was born as the son of the lawyer Felix Kallmann and his wife Ernestine Livia. Hirschberg was born on February 5, 1896 in Berlin. Kallmann passed his Abitur in 1916 and began studying chemistry at the TH Berlin-Charlottenburg , then physics at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität . In 1917 he volunteered for army service, but was dismissed due to illness. In 1920 he received his doctorate from Max Planck .

He taught and researched from 1920 to 1933 and from 1945 to 1948 at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry (the Fritz Habers Institute ) and the University of Berlin . Although Kallmann was a Protestant denomination, he was considered a "full Jew" in the "Third Reich" and therefore lost his license to teach at Berlin University in 1933. He survived the Nazi era with the help of his "Aryan" wife (Erika, née Müller) and Carl Bosch (IG Farben) in Berlin.

In 1948 he emigrated to the USA and has been teaching at New York University since 1950 . He held around 70 patents. Kallmann discovered the scintillation process for counting alpha particles.

Main work

  • Introduction to Nuclear Physics, Leipzig; Vienna: Deuticke 1938

literature

  • Reinhard Rürup with the participation of Michael Schüring: Fates and Careers: Commemorative book for the researchers expelled from the Kaiser Wilhelm Society by the National Socialists. Göttingen: Wallstein-Verlag, 2008, ISBN 978-3-89244-797-9 .
  • Stefan L. Wolff: Hartmut Kallmann (1896–1978) - an emigrant prevented during National Socialism leaves Germany after the war , in: Dieter Hoffmann and Mark Walker (eds.), "Foreign" scientists in the Third Reich , Wallstein-Verlag, 2011 , 314-338.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rürup (2008) gives 1976 as the year of death, see Lit Rürup, page 236
  2. ↑ Birth register entry of the StA Berlin 4a No. 131/1896
  3. ↑ See Sven Kinas: Academic Exodus. The expulsion of university lecturers from the universities of Berlin, Frankfurt am Main, Greifswald and Halle 1933-1945, Heidelberg 2018, p. 381 and 426.
personal data
SURNAME Kallmann, Hartmut
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kallmann, Hartmut Paul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-American physicist
DATE OF BIRTH February 5, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH June 11, 1978
Place of death Munich