House anchor

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Haus Anker" 2007

The Anker House , also known as the Anker House , is a listed office and commercial building at Friedrich-Wilhelm-Strasse 51, in the center of Braunschweig . It was built in 1901/02 in Art Nouveau style. The building is located in the immediate vicinity of the Kohlmarkt , diagonally across from the former Oberpostdirektion . It has only been called "Haus Anker" since the renovation work in 1921.

history

Postcard from 1904: The Wilhelm Klopp & Co. department store , clearly recognizable: the glass facade spanning three floors.
The Hermann Vick department store shortly after it opened in 1913.

The building was designed by the architect Bruno Habrich (* 1862; † unknown) for the merchants Leopold Katz and Georg Wolff. Katz ran the Hamburg wholesale warehouse Leopold Katz & Co. on the nearby Kohlmarkt until 1903 .

The reinforced concrete construction was completed in 1902 as a pioneer in its modernity. It has been extensively redesigned several times since then. Originally emerged as one of the few distinctive buildings of the city, was the main feature of the multi-storey building, next to the right and left of it limiting massive, tower-like corner projections , one on three floors going, continuous curtain glass facade. The 40, wall-high window panes could be opened on the upper floors via swivel sashes (see photo from 1913). The pillars supporting the window front were concealed inwards and were thus an early example of a curtain wall construction . This large facade was in stark contrast to the pronounced Art Nouveau ornamentation.

Relatively shortly after the building, which was built as a department store for men's and boys' clothing , was completed, the merchant Wilhelm Klopp moved in with his company Hamburger Engros-Lager Wilhelm Klopp & Co. and also continued to operate the (former Katz) store Kohlmarkt 8. At the same time, he also ran a photo studio in the Friedrich-Wilhelm-Strasse house . Wilhelm Klopp was previously probably employed in a branch of the Hamburg wholesale warehouse Leopold Katz & Co. at Friedrich-Wilhelm-Strasse 1. The company Hamburger Engros-Lager was based in Berlin and belonged to the Jewish businessman Adolf Jandorf , who ran numerous branches all over Germany under this company .

In 1913 the house was rented to the textile merchant Hermann Vick (1881–1956). The Hermann Vick department store opened on August 29, 1913. In 1921, Vick bought the building and had various structural changes - especially to the facade - made; so the glass facade was removed again by Heinrich Johannes and replaced by the stone facade with its ornamentation that can still be seen today. Only the central, uppermost part of the building, the segmented gable, largely corresponds to the original building from 1902. Only the ground floor still has a large window front.

The name "Haus Anker", which can also be seen as the lettering in the central segment gable, comes from the Anker publishing house , a newspaper and book publisher that was based in this building in the early 1920s. Since then it has been called "Haus Anker". After the Second World War , the area around the "Anker House" changed considerably. The house numbering also changed. The old house number was 37 , now it is 51 . In 1988 the Vick textile department store had to close down. In 1988–1990 the interior of the building was converted into an office and commercial building and is now a listed building.

facade

Inscription "Haus Anker"

In addition to the large lettering "Haus Anker" in the middle of the building on the parapet between the third and fourth floors, there are various reliefs in the parapet areas between the first and second floors with depictions of two sailing ships, an anchor (in the center) and various animals - including turtles and insects. On the third floor, four allegorical sculptures can be seen on the pillars : the putti equipped with corresponding symbols represent virtue and fertility , among other things .

In contrast to this design, the facade in its original state was completely dissolved in the eight axes between the side risalits from the ground floor to the second floor in large shop windows interrupted only by narrow metal frames. The architect followed a contemporary trend in department store construction that came to an end a few years later due to stricter fire protection regulations .

Impressions

  • Postcard from 1912

  • anchor

  • Sailing ship

  • Putto

literature

Web links

Commons : Haus Anker  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Wolfgang Kimpflinger: monuments in Lower Saxony. Volume 1.1 .: City of Braunschweig. Part 1, p. 98.
  2. ↑ a b c d Wolfgang Kimpflinger: Architectural monuments in Lower Saxony. Volume 1.1 .: City of Braunschweig. Part 1, p. 99.
  3. ↑ Braunschweig address book for the year 1903. Joh. Heinr. Meyer, Braunschweig 1903, p. 163.
  4. ^ A b Elmar Arnhold, Sándor Kotyrba: Architecture in the Empire. Braunschweig 1871–1918. P. 35.
  5. ^ Norman-Mathias Pingel: House anchor. P. 61.
  6. ↑ Brunswick address book for the year 1904. Joh. Heinr. Meyer, Braunschweig 1904, p. 176.
  7. ^ Braunschweig address book for the year 1902. Joh. Heinr. Meyer, Braunschweig 1902, p. 163.
  8. ↑ Reinhard Bein: Zeitzeugen aus Stein, Volume 2: Braunschweig and his Jews. P. 37.
  9. ^ Albert Sattler: Braunschweig. City and Duchy. Festschrift for the entry into government of the young duke couple. Verlag Körner & Lauterbach, Chemnitz 1913, p. 178.
  10. ↑ The large panes shattered under the heat, so the fire received more oxygen and in some cases could spread to the next higher floor via the outside. (According to Paul Kick, Alphons Schneegans: business and department stores, mess palaces, banks. (= Handbook of Architecture , 4th part, 2nd half volume, 2nd issue.) 2nd edition, Leipzig 1923.)

Coordinates: 52 ° 15 ′ 42.1 ″  N , 10 ° 31 ′ 12.3 ″  E