Holy Spirit Church (Tallinn)
The Holy Spirit Church ( Estonian Püha Vaimu kirik , Pühavaimu kirik ) is one of the landmarks of the Estonian capital Tallinn . It is located in the Old Town ( Vanalinn ) below the Cathedral Hill (Toompea) .
history
The Holy Spirit Church was built around 1300 as an extension of the original chapel of the poor and infirmary of the city. The core is a two-aisled nave with ten ribbed vaults. The Holy Spirit Church is the smallest of Tallinn's medieval churches. It was completed in 1380.
A minaret-like baroque tower from the end of the 17th century adjoins the west wall . It replaced a renaissance tower that had been struck by lightning. The eight-story tower housed two bells from the 17th century and Tallinn's oldest church bell. It dates from the year 1433. Its famous inscription in Middle Low German (below a Latin line) reads: “ik slarechte / der maghet als deme knechte / der vrouwen als dem heren / des en kan mi nemant ver keren” (“I strike anyway / for the maid as for the servant / for the lady as for the master / nobody can deny me that ”). Below is the name of the bell caster: Merten Seifert . The bell was badly damaged in a fire in the tower in 2002.
The Church of the Holy Spirit has played a central role in the history of Estonia. The City Council regularly held Holy Mass here before its meetings in the Tallinn City Hall . The first sermons in the Estonian language were given in the church from 1531 . Pastors of the church included Johann Koell , who translated the catechism into Estonian in 1535 , and the chronicler Balthasar Rüssow .
Works of art
Famous works of art in the Heilig-Geist-Kirche are a late Gothic crucifix , the Renaissance pulpit from 1597 and the Gothic cabinet altar by Bernt Notke with the year 1483 and the small city arms of Tallinn. It was commissioned by the Tallinn Council to Lübeck , with which Tallinn maintained close ties through the Hanseatic League . When open, the altar shows the miracle of Pentecost , the outpouring of the Holy Spirit . The allegorical wood carvings in the gallery are by the master Elert Thiele from the 17th century.
Tallinn's oldest clock can be seen on the northern outer wall of the Holy Spirit Church. It was made in 1684 by the renowned wood carver Christian Ackermann . The colorful painting shows rays of the sun and the four evangelists .
organ
The history of the organs goes back to the year 1511. Today's instrument was built in 1929 by the organ builder August Terkmann (Tallinn), and restored and rebuilt between 1985 and 1990 by the organ builder Hardo Kriisa . The instrument has 66 registers on four manuals and a pedal . The choir organ behind the altar can be played from the fourth manual . The actions are pneumatic - with the exception of the actions of the fourth manual (choir organ), which are electric.
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Couple
- Normal coupling: II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
- Sub-octave coupling: II / I, III / I, III / II, II / P, III / P
- Super octave coupling: II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
- Playing aids: Various fixed combinations (p, mf, f, ff, tutti, piano ped.) Register crescendo, shelf,
literature
- Eugen von Nottbeck, Wilhelm Neumann: History and art monuments of the city of Reval. Volume two: The city's art monuments. Tallinn 1904. pp. 108-115
Web links
- Website (multilingual, also German)
Individual evidence
- ^ Thea Karin: Estonia. Cultural and scenic diversity in a historical borderland between east and west. Cologne 1994 (= DuMont art and landscape guide ) ISBN 3-7701-2614-9 , p. 72
- ↑ http://www.ohtuleht.ee/index.aspx?id=123391 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://www.eelk.ee/tallinna.puhavaimu/ajalugu.php
- ↑ Information about the organ ( Memento from June 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
Coordinates: 59 ° 26 ′ 17 ″ N , 24 ° 44 ′ 45 ″ E