Heinrich Oenning

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Heinrich Oenning, August 1974

Heinrich Oenning (born April 3, 1904 in Weseke , † November 12, 1977 in Beckum ) was a Catholic clergyman. As an opponent of National Socialism , he was imprisoned in the Dachau concentration camp .

Life

Heinrich Oenning was born the son of a farmer. Because of his eagerness to learn and his talent, his father allowed him to attend grammar school, first in Borken, then the Paulinum grammar school in Münster , where he graduated from high school in 1924. He then studied theology in Münster and Munich. He was ordained a priest on December 22, 1928 in Münster. From 1928 to 1931 he was chaplain at the provost church of St. Urbanus in Gelsenkirchen-Buer . From 1931 on he was the diocesan secretary of the Volksverein for Catholic Germany , until it was banned by the National Socialists in 1933. After that, Oenning worked as a prison chaplain in Münster and was also President of the Werkjugend, the youth association of Catholic workers' associations for the Gau Münsterland . In 1938 he was transferred to the parish of St. Michael in Duisburg-Wanheimerort as a chaplain .

After the " seizure of power ", Kaplan Oenning was interrogated several times. On the one hand, he was accused of having continued the library of the forbidden people's association and thus disseminating writings critical of the Nazi regime and, on the other hand, of having continued youth work after the prohibition of the Catholic youth organizations in 1938 and thus undermining the conformity of the youth by the Hitler Youth . He was accused of illegally continuing the Catholic Young Men Association (KJMV) , which was dissolved on February 6, 1939 . On May 16, 1941, he was arrested by the Gestapo on charges of "subversive" statements. He was also accused of having taken a public position against measures taken by the Nazi state (including against the Reich Labor Service , the compulsory year and resettlement). In a letter to the members of the men's apostolate , Kaplan Oenning described the Wehrmacht's attacks on “weaker neighbors” as “blatant injustice”. On August 22, 1941, he was admitted to the pastors' block (Dachau concentration camp) (prisoner no. 26985). Because it decomposes - according to the Gestapo - the "will to defend yourself".

On October 18, 1941, Kaplan Oenning was transferred to the Düsseldorf Special Court and sentenced to 8 months in prison. According to the court, Oenning “took over the enemy propaganda that Germany was a predatory neighbor”. His lawyer managed to get Kaplan Oenning to be drafted from prison in Dachau to serve in the Wehrmacht on January 13, 1942 . He was thus subject to military jurisdiction and was thus protected against renewed access by the Gestapo. In April 1945 he was taken prisoner by the Americans, from which he was released a few weeks later.

From 1948 to 1951 Heinrich Oenning was pastor in St. Laurentius in Gelsenkirchen-Horst , from May 6, 1951 parish dean in St. Stephanus in Beckum. In 1967 he was appointed provost . In 1975 he retired.

Honors

literature

  • Heinrich Oenning , in: Emil Thoma, Eugen Weiler: The clergy in Dachau as well as in other concentration camps and in prisons . Tengen-Wiechs 1982. Vol. 2, pp. 311-318.
  • Christian Frieling: priest from the diocese of Münster in the concentration camp. 38 biographies. Aschendorffsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Münster 1993. ISBN 3-402-05427-2 . In it pp. 150–151: Heinrich Oenning .
  • Report on the prisoner Heinrich Franz Oenning from May 16, 1941, in: Gestapo personal files of the control center Düsseldorf , Main State Archives Düsseldorf , RW 58/4942. Printed in: Vera Bücker, Bernhard Nadorf, Markus Potthoff: Nikolaus Groß . Worker leaders - resistance fighters - witnesses of faith. "How should we stand before God and our people?" Political and social Catholicism in the Ruhr area from 1927 to 1949 . Lit, Münster, 2nd edition 2001. ISBN 3-8258-5680-1 . Pp. 168-169.
  • Wilhelm M. Schneider: The Beckum provost Heinrich Oenning, prisoner in the Dachau concentration camp . In: Münsterland - Jahrbuch des Kreises Warendorf , published by Kreisheimatverein Beckum-Warendorf eV, vol. 63 (2014), pp. 395–398.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Münster diocese archives, Dept. Pd, inventory 51.01, No. 22252, clergy index.
  2. ^ A b Wilhelm M. Schneider: The Beckum provost Heinrich Oenning, prisoner in the Dachau concentration camp . In: Münsterland - Jahrbuch des Kreises Warendorf , Vol. 63 (2014), pp. 395–398, here p. 396.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Christian Frieling: Priest from the diocese of Münster in the concentration camp . Aschendorffsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Münster 1993, pp. 150–151.
  4. ^ Christoph Kösters: Catholic associations and modern society . Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn 1995, p. 285.
  5. ↑ Peter Dohms (arr.): Pamphlets in Gestapo files. Proof and analysis of the pamphlets in the Gestapo files in the main state archive in Düsseldorf. With a literature report and an overview of the sources on resistance and persecution in the Rhine-Ruhr area 1933–1945 . Respublica-Verlag, Siegburg 1977. ISBN 3-87710-071-6 . P. 234.
  6. ↑ a b Ulrich von Hehl (arr.): Priest under Hitler's terror. A biographical and statistical survey . Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn, 3rd edition 1996. ISBN 3-506-79839-1 . Vol. 2, p. 1074.
  7. ↑ a b c Gestapo personal files of the Düsseldorf control center: Report on the prisoner Heinrich Franz Oenning from May 16, 1941 (see literature).
  8. ^ Bedřich Hoffmann, John Louis Morkovsky : And who will kill you? The chronicle of the life and sufferings of priests in the concentration camps . Pallottinum, Poznań 1994. ISBN 83-7014-223-0 . P. 406.
  9. ^ Heinrich Portmann : Diary, entry from November 12, 1941 , accessed on December 18, 2014.
  10. ^ Josef Dördelmann: History of the Catholic Parish of St. Laurentius . In: Heinrich Allekotte (ed.): Horster Heimatbuch . Heimatbund Gelsenkirchen, Gelsenkirchen-Buer 1958.
  11. ^ Wilhelm M. Schneider: The Beckum Provost Heinrich Oenning, prisoner in the Dachau concentration camp . In: Münsterland - Jahrbuch des Kreises Warendorf , Vol. 63 (2014), pp. 395–398, here p. 397.
  12. ↑ Office of the Federal President
personal data
SURNAME Oenning, Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German clergyman and Nazi victim
DATE OF BIRTH April 3, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Weseke
DATE OF DEATH November 12, 1977
Place of death Beckum