Heinrich Wilhelm Ross

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Heinrich Wilhelm Roß (born May 26, 1876 in Wilhelmshaven , † July 25, 1922 in Wiesbaden ) was a German glass and decorative painter .

Life

Heinrich Wilhelm Roß was the second son of the teacher Freerk Roß and Johanna Catharina Roß, born. Hobbing. He attended elementary school in Wilhelmshaven and then began an apprenticeship as a painter, which he broke off. The apprenticeship certificate of the Oldenburg painters guild of April 30, 1894 certified that Roß “ had properly learned the painting trade in three years and behaved very well during this time ”. The trial work "was awarded 1st prize". As a painter's assistant he continued his work with Emil Spalthoff until October 14, 1894. From mid-April to mid-October 1895 he worked as an assistant to August Olbers (Olpers) while he was working on the paintings in the monastery church in Duderstadt . On January 30, 1896, the architect Ludwig Klingenberg drew up a certificate for Roß's studies at the Oldenburg School of Applied Arts . The theater painter Wilhelm Christian Gerhard Mohrmann (1849–1934) certified him “very outstanding talents” on January 28, 1896. At the same time, the glass painter Georg Karl Rohde was studying in Oldenburg , with whom Roß later worked in Bremen and Wiesbaden.

After three years in the military, Heinrich Wilhelm Roß was a student and assistant to Hermann Schaper in Göttingen in 1901 , where he was involved in the redesign of the Göttingen town hall . a. on the vaulted ceiling of the Dorntze . Schaper also gave Roß a very favorable certificate about various large decorative paintings, which were executed according to Schaper's designs, and supported him in 1903 in his "endeavor to found his own business with this certificate". In the same year, Roß was involved in the painting of two Priölken in the Bremen Ratskeller as an employee of Georg Karl Rohde .

In 1904 he married Luise Frieda Krug (1884–1968). From 1905 Roß was based in Wiesbaden and from 1906/07 a partner in the company Ross and Rohde . In 1907 the company was involved in two glass pictures in the foyer of the Kurhaus in Wiesbaden . From February 12, 1921, Roß was named the sole owner of the company according to the business registration. Heinrich Wilhelm Roß died in Wiesbaden on July 25, 1922, leaving behind his wife Frieda, their daughter Margarete Johanna Minna (1906–1932) and their son Heinrich Friedrich Reimar (1911–1980).

plant

The work of Heinrich Wilhelm Roß has not yet been shown anywhere. Even the glass pictures in public buildings, Kurhaus Wiesbaden and Wandelhalle, are not ascribed to him or his partner Georg Karl Rohde. Many glass windows, decorative and wall paintings did not survive the Second World War .

Priölken painting

Not preserved mural

According to Heinrich Wilhelm Roß's son, Fritz Ross, destroyed or covered with wood paneling during the Third Reich because of the Heinrich Heine quotation. Description based on Roß's design:

• Circumferential slogan above the mural, white writing on a black background. Stylized flower after every word: Away with the crickets [illegible] it's happy. Dulce Est Desipere in Loco .
• Left side: Blossoms, fruits, leaves and four birds (peacocks, various gestures), looped slogan: Bremer wes bedaechtig, don't lie in who you are powerful .
• Right side: Continuation of the picture from the left with two more birds. But on the far left a message board with a large entrance letter G: Happy the / man who / has reached / reached the port / and left behind the / sea and / the storms and now warm u. sitting quietly / in the good Rathskeller in Bremen. H. HEINE .

If one compares this description with the picture review of May 24, 1903 from the Bremer Nachrichten for the first niche, "a funny row of flower branches, between which birds flutter, rolls of tape with tastefully distributed writing, a calm overall attitude of the colors", so it can be very good probably refer to this non-preserved mural.

Preserved mural

Description based on the design by Heinrich Wilhelm Roß:

• Left page: flowering bushes and tendrils, St. Urban (?) In a toga- like garment, long slogan wrapped around his head: If Urban has sunshine, he promises plenty and good wine . Window frame with stylized flowers. Left out the window.
• Right side: tree and flowering bushes. Crowned female person in apron and dress (raised) with bowed head, covered with a crown, holding a flower in her right hand. Curved banner: You are like the rose in the Rathskeller in Bremen! This is the rose of roses .

From the picture review of May 24, 1903 "For the second of the Priölken, the artist will use the basic tone of the light plaster in the same way, using the half-length figures of the twelve apostles as a motif [...] framed by tendrils and flowers." that the picture is not yet finished and that the picture that still exists today, instead of the twelve apostles, appears only St. Urban. The Twelve Apostles are famous wine barrels in the Ratskeller.

reception

“In the Ratskeller, the deputation decided to start painting the Priölken. The first attempt by Ritterhoff, which was made with commendable caution a few months ago in order to clarify the artistically not very easy question, has been removed again. After carefully examined preliminary drafts, A. Ritterhoff and G. Rohde have now each commissioned the decoration of two of the Priölken. Rohde, who has already made a name for himself here in the past two years with his outstanding work in the field of glass painting, together with his colleague Roß, a student of Professor Schaper, has completed the first niche. Its decoration is completely indifferent and unrelated in the choice of motifs, purely painterly and with a very subtle effect, a funny clump of flower branches between which birds flutter, rolls of tape with tastefully distributed writing, a calm overall attitude of the colors, naive and undemanding in the Drawing; the effect, for example in the sense of late Gothic vault decorations, is excellent, it is genuine and old. For the second of the Priölken, the artist will use the basic tone of the light plaster in the same way as the motif of the half-length figures of the twelve apostles , as in the well-known medieval depiction of the family tree of Christ , framed by tendrils and flowers. Ritterhoff has chosen more sophisticated local historical and humorous motifs for the two niches that have fallen to him. One time in memory of the ' mountain drivers ' who had their regular seat down there, a clumsy medieval merchant ship and the portrait of a seafarer and opposite a famously genuinely drawn naive city view of Bergen. These image fields stand out no more from the ground, which is patterned in green-gray tones, than, for example, the depiction of a tapestry. In the fourth Priölken, finally, he has added characteristically figurative elements to this same tapestry ; a bourgeois girl and a group of quarrelsome old women, as far as one can judge so far, very well distributed in the room, boldly drawn and at least kept enough in consideration of the decorative purpose of the whole. Here, too, a continuous colored wall pattern will form the basis from which the figures stand out. When you have created the decoration of the four priölken in this way by two different artists and with different intentions, and you have calmly checked for their effect, then you will be able to get closer to the difficult task, where and in how far in the main rooms of the cellar Later on, a picturesque decoration will be in place and which of the now posted ways is best used as a basis. ”- Karl Schaefer

Public places

• Filialkirche Duderstadt, painting, participation (1895), destroyed by painting over in 1963/64
• Vault paintings "Dorntze" / Old Town Hall / Göttingen (1901), participation (see above)
• Priölken / Ratskeller - Rathaus / Bremen (1903) together with Georg K. Rohde, one preserved, restored in 2010.
• Artificial glazing for the vestibule, main stairwell in the police service building and three-part windows in the stairwell of the presidential apartment, Wiesbaden, destroyed in the Second World War
• Artificial lead glazing and glass paintings, Royal Mud Baths at Langenschwalbach / Bad Schwalbach (1905), destroyed in World War II
• Glass window, Kurhaus-Wandelhalle, Wiesbaden (1907) together with Georg K. Rohde, restored

Profane glass windows, pictures and decorative paintings in private ownership

• Flower vase, oil on canvas, large format, (ca.1896)
• Pipe-smoking comrade, Alfred L ..., pencil drawing, black and white, June 9, 1898
• Comrade playing violin, colored pencil drawing, ca.1898
• Comrade, sitting at the table, pencil drawing, black and white, ca.1898
• View of Lauenstein, oil on cardboard, around 1901
• Greeting card, decorated text panel, front and back, Göttingen, 1901
• Greetsiel, view from the North Sea dike to the harbor, oil on cardboard, around 1910
• Flower cart with angel, glass picture, lead glazing, various techniques, colored
• Three graces on the sofa, glass picture, lead glazing, various techniques, colored
• Putti with ears of wheat, glass picture, lead glazing, yellow and black, burnt
• Putti, holding a bowl of fruit overhead, various techniques, colored
• Putte, shouldered grapes, kneeling, various techniques, yellow and black
• Company sign, HW ROSS - GLASS PAINTING, WIESBADEN, glass picture, black and white, around 1906
• Wagon with peasant couple, glass picture, lead glazing, various techniques, colored
• Three dancing peasant girls, glass picture, lead glazing, various techniques, colored
• Farewell, glass picture, two-tone, yellow and black
• Adolf Menzel, portrait, glass picture, black and white
• Mourners, glass picture, lead glazing, various techniques, Art Nouveau (?), Signed: R. u. R. Wiesb.
• Madonna, glass picture, lead glazing, various techniques, Art Nouveau (?), Signed: Rohde
• Putti with heart, glass picture, lead glazing, various techniques
• Robin, glass picture, lead glazing, various techniques

Designs for glass pictures and glass windows

• Madonna and Child, rosette, classicistic, watercolors on cardboard, multi-colored, ca.1895
• Bird with open wings in the vine, lead glazing, colored
• Old Wiesbaden, lead glazing, colored
• Large window, two casements and a semicircle, floral motifs, Art Nouveau, colored
• Cog, lead glazing, colored
• Bridal couple, three-winged window, colored in the center and black and white
• Bouquet of flowers, window, Art Nouveau, colored in the window
• Dove and ears of wheat, open wings, head on the right, lead glazing, colored
• Dove and ears of wheat, open wings, head on the left, lead glazing, colored
• Ornaments in squares, black and white and color, signed: Ross u. Rohde

Designs for ceiling and wall paintings

• Coat of arms and grapes and tendrils, Dorntze, Old Town Hall, Göttingen, watercolors on cardboard, 1901,
• Four triangles with coats of arms and tendrils, Dorntze, Altes Rathaus, Göttingen, watercolor on cardboard, 1901
• Priölke, Ratskeller, Bremen Town Hall, as a partner of Georg K. Rohde, 1st motif, St. Urban (?) And the wine, banner: If Urban has sunshine, he promises plenty and good wine, (1903), received, watercolor on Cardboard, multicolored
• Priölke, Ratskeller, Bremen Town Hall, as partner of Georg K. Rohde, 2nd motif, hymn by H. Heine, "Happy the man who reached the port ...", Art Nouveau elements, (1903), not preserved, (destroyed in the 1930s?), watercolor on cardboard, multicolored

Individual evidence

1. ↑ The Göttingen residents' registration card records his apartment from April 1 to July 6, 1901
2. ^ Karl Schaefer: In the Ratskeller . In: Bremer Nachrichten of May 24, 1903
3. ^ Address books of the city of Wiesbaden
4. ↑ Wiesbaden City Archives, July 7, 2008.
5. ↑ Wiesbaden City Archives, July 4, 2008.
6. ^ Karl Schaefer: In the Ratskeller . In: Bremer Nachrichten of May 24, 1903

swell

• Friedrich v. Thiersch: The Kurhaus in Wiesbaden . Berlin 1908, p. 13.
• Karl Schaefer: In the Ratskeller . In: Bremer Nachrichten of May 24, 1903.