Herischef
| Herischef in hieroglyphics | |||||||||
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| Old empire |
Herischef (Heri schef) Ḥrj-š = f Who is on his lake |
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| New kingdom |
Herschefi (Her schefi) Ḥr š.fj The worthy face |
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| Gr.-Roman. time |
Herschefi (Her schefi) Ḥr š.fj The worthy face |
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| Greek | ΈσηΦ (Hesif) | ||||||||
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Heryshaf even Herschefi , was an ancient Egyptian slaughter and fertility god and a local deity of Herakleopolis . Herischef is not identical to the Greek name Harsaphes .
Herischef is represented as a ram or as a person with a ram's head and wears the Atef crown between his twisted horns . The ram is a sacred animal. In the First Intermediate Period he rose to the status of god of the state. In the Middle Kingdom he was considered a donor of sacrificial foods. In the Ramesside period of the New Kingdom , the name was renamed to Herschefi , which was then transformed into a form of the kingdom god Amun .
Herschef is closely related to Re , Osiris , Ptah and Amun. He was associated with Osiris in Herakleopolis and in the Amun temple of Hibis he was praised as the image of Amun. Since the New Kingdom there has even been a merger with the god Horus . The Greeks identify him with Heracles .
In the temple of Edfu , the divine coronation of Ptolemy IV is shown on the east wall in the fourth register as a ritual scene . The god Herischef, who is responsible for the office of the king, presents the king's headscarf as “Lord of Nemes ” . Herischef bears, among other things, the designation "King of the two countries and ruler of the banks, who began the kingship at the very beginning". Ptolemy IV approaches Herischef in the form of Harendotes and receives from him the Atef crown of Re-Harachte as "King with gripping power with regard to his enemies" .
Herischef bears the nickname "Re at the place of his youth" at the handover and at this moment symbolizes the two gods Re and Osiris as well as the central motif of ancient Egyptian mythology : the " Feast of the Chopping of the Earth " from the Osiris myth relating to the killing of Seth through Horus .
See also
literature
- Hans Bonnet : Lexicon of the Egyptian religious history. 3rd unchanged edition. Nikol, Hamburg 2005, ISBN 3-937872-08-6 .
- Erik Hornung : The one and the many. Egyptian ideas of God . 5th unchanged edition. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft , Darmstadt 1971, ISBN 0-3-534-05051 , pp. 63, 218, 230, 274.
- TGH James: The Hekanakhte papers and other early Middle Kingdom documents . Oxford University Press, New York NY 1962, ( Publications of the Metropolitan Museum of Art Egyptian Expedition 19).
- Christian Leitz u. a .: Lexicon of the Egyptian gods and names of gods (LGG). Peeters, Leuven 2002-2003, ( Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta 114), Vol. 5: Ḥ - ḫ , 2002, ISBN 90-429-1150-6 , pp. 381-383.
Individual evidence
- ^ EA Wallis Budge : The gods of the Egyptians, or, Studies in Egyptian mythology. Vol. 2, Methuen, London; Open Court, Chicago both 1904, p. 58.
- ↑ In the Lexicon of Egyptology also incorrectly referred to as Harsaphes ; according to Christian Leitz u. a .: LGG . P. 381.
- ↑ a b Heinz Felber: The Demotic Chronicle . In: Andreas Blasius: Apokalyptik und Egypt: A critical analysis of the relevant texts from Greco-Roman Egypt (series: Orientalia Lovaniensia analecta, No. 107) . Peeters, Leuven 2002, ISBN 90-429-1113-1 , pp. 95-96.