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The Maleschau rule ( Czech : Malešov ) was a rule in the Časlauer Kreis in Bohemia . In 1848/49 patrimonial rule was abolished.

Geographical location

The rule was in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands , about 40 km west of Prague . It bordered in the north on the dominions of Radbor and Petschkau, in the northeast on the city of Kuttenberg , in the east on the rule Kresetitz, in the south on the Zbraslawitz estate and in the west on the Jnditz and Hradek estates.

history

Malschau used to be the property of the royal chamber . Later it belonged to the Cistercian monastery Sedletz . After the destruction of the monastery, the rule was pledged to the city of Kuttenberg and finally sold to the knight Johann Salawa von Lipa. At the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War the rule belonged to the Berka von Duba gentlemen . After the Battle of the White Mountain , it was confiscated by the royal treasury and then sold to Elisabeth von Zerotin for 63,500 shock groschen.

In the 17th century the owners were the Barons von Sporck , since 1699 Count Anton von Hallweil . In 1710 Heinrich Karl Graf von Ostein bought the rule. The attempt in the meantime to sell the rule to Karl Graf von Breda failed due to financial difficulties of the buyer. In 1776 the Sukdol estate was bought. The last Count of Ostein , Johann Friedrich Karl Maximilian von Ostein , died childless in 1809, but had previously made his nephew, Friedrich Karl Anton von Dalberg , heir and perhaps adopted him. With that the rule came to the family of the barons von Dalberg .

Reforms in the first half of the 19th century under Baron Karl Anton von Dalberg modernized the economy. He took over all previously leased Meierhöfe of his masters on his own. In Moleschau he set up a goods inspection, in Datschitz a central financial administration for his Bohemian goods. For his innovations he succeeded in gaining a number of very capable employees: he won Franz von Grebner as general representative for his goods and Vincenz Hlava as a specialist for his forest and fruit growing .

At the beginning of the 19th century the estate produced an annual income of 50,000 guilders . In the first half of the 19th century, the rule had a circumference of 64 square kilometers. Of this, 30.6 square kilometers were used for agriculture or forestry. Part of the property was already transferred to the farmers in the land reform of 1848.

With the upheavals of 1848 , the rulers lost their function as authorities and the forced labor ( robot ) was abolished. The Herr von Maleschau was “only” a large landowner. The state assumed its previous sovereign functions as court ruler and in administration. The part of the land for which the peasants had done Robot was transferred to the peasants in exchange for compensation from the rulers. They had to pay 1/3 of the value, another third was taken over by the state, the rest of the value was effectively expropriated .

At the beginning of the land reform in 1919 in the newly sovereign Czechoslovakia , 26.7 square kilometers were still in the hands of the Dalberg family. The land reform reduced this to 14.5 square kilometers. When the Dalberg family and Johannes Evangelist von Dalberg died out in 1940, the inheritance passed to his cousin Maria Anna von und zu Dalberg . She was married to Prince Franz Emanuel Konstantin zu Salm and Salm-Salm . However, shortly afterwards, the inheritance was expropriated by Czechoslovakia in 1945 . The property was divided between agricultural and forestry state enterprises and cooperatives .

Associated places

The villages belonged to the rule:

literature

  • Jana Bisová: The Chamberlain from Worms in Bohemia and Moravia . In: Kurt Andermann (Hrsg.): Ritteradel in the Old Kingdom. Die Kämmerer von Worms named by Dalberg = work of the Hessian Historical Commission NF Bd. 31. Hessische Historische Kommission, Darmstadt 2009. ISBN 978-3-88443-054-5 , pp. 289-316.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer: Časlauer Kreis: 11 . Ehrlich, 1843 ( google.de [accessed January 24, 2020]).
  2. ↑ Bisová: The Chamberlain , p 292, note the 34th.
  3. ↑ Bisová: The Treasurer , S. 292nd
  4. ↑ Bisová: The Treasurer , S. three hundred and first
  5. ↑ Bisová: The Chamberlain , p. 300.
  6. ↑ Bisová: The Chamberlain , pp 293, note 10th.
  7. ↑ Bisová: The Treasurer , S. 303rd
  8. ↑ Bisová: Die Kämmerer , p. 303, note 52.
  9. ↑ Bisová: The Chamberlain , p. 310.
  10. ↑ Detlev Schwennicke: European family tables. Family tables on the history of the European states . New series, vol. 9: Families from the Middle and Upper Rhine and from Burgundy . Marburg 1986. Without ISBN, plate 59.
  11. ↑ Bisová: The Treasurer , S. 315th
  12. ↑ Bisová: The Treasurer , S. 299th