Hertwicus de Sprewemberch

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Hertwicus de Sprewemberch (also Hartwicus; * around 1200, † around 1260) is considered to be the probable locator (settler) of the Waldhufendorf Spremberg on the Upper Spree , the mother community of today's city of Neusalza-Spremberg in Upper Lusatia .

Live and act

Hertwicus de Sprewemberch probably came from a peasant family from Franconia or Thuringia , who penetrated the wooded Upper Lusatian highlands as a settler in the course of the 13th century as part of the feudal German eastward expansion . As a result of the extensive clearing of peasantry by German colonists for the development of the state in Upper Lusatia , which was supported by both the Bohemian kings and the bishops of Meissen, new settlements, the so-called Waldhufendörfer, arose "on wild roots". The locators or master settlers, who acted on behalf of the respective rulers, were responsible for this.

Royal Bohemian feudal man

From the meager historical records it can be inferred that this Hertwicus had a brother named Henricus de Cunewalde. Both brothers, the master settlers of Spremberg and Cunewalde , must have been Bohemian feudal people and had an important position, since King Wenzel I Premysl (1230–1243) used them as guarantors to certify the transfer of the village of Jauernick near Ostritz to the St. Marienthal was called to Prague on June 15, 1242 . The “de” is not a sign of nobility, but means something like “from” or “from” those villages. The family name of Hertwicus was derived from "his" settlement Spremberg, which means something like "Spree in the mountain" or "Spree around the mountain".

Hertwicus de Sprewemberch is certainly also responsible for the medieval subdivision of the newly established village. It was measured with 24 king hooves (mansus regalis), twelve each north and south of the Spree, which resulted in a total area of ​​1,146 hectares . Then the traces of Hertwicus de Sprewemberch and his brother are lost in the dark of history.

literature

  • P (aul) Döhler: The documents ... for St. Marienthal. In: Neues Lausitzisches Magazin (NLM), Volume 78, Görlitz 1902, p. 16. ( digitized version )
  • Walter Heinich : Attempt to a local history of the parish village Spremberg in the Saxon Upper Lusatia. Schirgiswalde 1918.
  • Gunther Leupolt : The first mention of the name "Spremberg". In: History and stories from Neusalza-Spremberg. Volume 1, Kultur- und Heimatfreunde e. V., Neusalza-Spremberg 1999, pp. 8-10.
  • Lutz Mohr : The "Oberlausitzer Grenzurkunde" from 1241 ... In: History and stories from Neusalza-Spremberg. Volume 4, Kultur- und Heimatfreunde e. V., Neusalza-Spremberg 2011.
  • Lutz Mohr: Neusalza-Spremberg - a small town in Upper Lusatia - highlights from history and legend. Special edition No. 1/2012 of the series: History and stories from Neusalza-Spremberg. Greifswald and Neusalza-Spremberg 2012.
  • Lutz Mohr: Spremberg about 770 years ago - historical personalities of the local history: Hertwicus de Sprewemberch (also Hartwicus, around 1200-around 1260) . In: Official journal of the administrative association for the city of Neusalza-Spremberg with the district Friedersdorf and the communities Dürrhennersdorf and Schönbach. 17/2012/3, p. 7.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Further dates of life of Hertwicus, mentioned in a document in 1242, are not known
personal data
SURNAME Hertwicus de Sprewemberch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hartwicus de Sprewemberch
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Locator of the Waldhufendorf Spremberg on the upper Spree
DATE OF BIRTH around 1200
DATE OF DEATH around 1260