Heterometrus thorellii
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| ( Pocock , 1892) |
Heterometrus thorellii is a Burmese scorpion in the Scorpionidae family .
description
Heterometrus thorellii is a 90 to 120 millimeter long scorpion with a brown to black base color. Only the chelae and the telson are reddish-brown. The Chelae show a pronounced sexual dimorphism . The chelae, femora, and patella of the pedipalps of males are more elongated than those of females. The chelae of male scorpions are not lobed, with a length to width ratio of 3.8 to 5.5 to 1. The chelae of female scorpions are slightly lobed, the length to width ratio is 2.6 to 3.1 to 1. Their upper side is relatively smooth and without granules. The carapace has a smooth and shiny surface in the middle, with granules occasionally on the edges. The combs of the comb organ have 13 to 18 teeth in both sexes. The telson is hairy and elongated, with a poisonous bladder longer than the venomous sting .
Heterometrus thorellii is very similar to the two species Heterometrus bengalensis and Heterometrus longimanus . In addition to slight differences in morphology , they also have different areas of distribution. Much of the mention of Heterometrus bengalensis in the literature from 1981 to 2004 is likely to refer to Heterometrus thorellii .
distribution and habitat
The first description given as the Terra typica of Heterometrus thorellii was Rangoon , today's Burmese capital Rangoon or Yangon ( 16 ° 47 ' N , 96 ° 9' E ). The species is widespread and common in Myanmar .
Systematics
Initial description
The first description was made by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1892 after collection copies that had previously been identified by the French arachnologist Eugène Simon as Palamnaeus bengalensis and by his Swedish colleague Tamerlan Thorell as Palamnaeus petersii .
Type material
With the latest revision of the genus Heterometrus , the Czech arachnologist František Kovařík gave Heterometrus thorellii back its species status. However, he failed to make it clear which types define the new species. He merely stated that the type specimens are in the collection of the Natural History Museum in London .
etymology
The species name honors the Swedish arachnologist Tamerlan Thorell .
Synonyms (chronological)
- Palamnaeus bengalensis Simon , 1884 : Eugène Simon described a collection of scorpions in 1884 that the Muséum d'histoire naturelle de la Ville de Genève from Minhla in the Magwe region of Myanmar had received. These included some scorpions that Simon identified as the long-known Palamnaeus bengalensis .
- Palamnaeus petersii Thorell , 1889 : Tamerlan Thorell assigned the three scorpions from Myanmar, previously identified as Palamnaeus bengalensis , to the species Palamnaeus petersii, which he himself described in 1874 .
- Palamnaeus thorellii Pocock , 1892 : the name was given by Pocock in his first description, but the genus Palamnaeus had already been declared a synonym for Heterometrus by Ferdinand Karsch in 1879 .
- Scorpio longimanus thorellii Kraepelin , 1894 : in his revision of the scorpions, Karl Kraepelin declared the scorpions from Myanmar described by Pocock to be a subspecies of Scorpio longimanus .
- Palamnaeus longimanus Pocock , 1900 (partially): contrary to his assessment from 1892, Pocock made the species Palamnaeus thorellii described by himself in his arachnid band of the Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma, a synonym for Palamnaeus longimanus .
- Heterometrus (Heterometrus) bengalensis Couzijn , 1981 (partially): HWC Couzijn declared the Palamnaeus thorellii described by Pocock in 1892 to be a synonym of Heterometrus bengalensis in 1981 . In addition, he described the subgenus Heterometrus, in which he also put Heterometrus bengalensis . The subgenus Heterometrus and all other subgenus of Heterometrus described by Couzijn were repealed in 2004 by František Kovařík in his revision of the genus Heterometrus .
literature
- František Kovařík: A review of the genus Heterometrus Ehrenberg, 1828, with descriptions of seven new species (Scorpiones, Scorpionidae). In: Euscorpius , 2004, No. 15, pp. 1-60, online PDF , 6.3 MB.
- Reginald Innes Pocock: Descriptions of two new genera of scorpions, with notes upon some species of Palamnaeus. In: Annals and Magazine of Natural History 1892, Series 6, Volume 9, pp. 38–49 and Plate III, here pp. 39–41, digitized .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e František Kovařík: A review of the genus Heterometrus, p. 44.
- ↑ a b c Reginald Innes Pocock: Descriptions of two new genera of scorpions , pp. 39-41.
- ↑ Gérard Dupré: Dictionary of scientific scorpion names. In: Arachnides. Bulletin de Terrariophile et de Recherche 2016, Supplement to No. 78, p. 60, Online PDF , 560 kB.
- ^ Eugène Simon: Arachnides recueillis en Birmanie par M. le chevalier JB Comotto, et appartenant au Musée civique d'histoire naturelle de Gènes. In: Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 1884, Volume 20, pp. 325–372, here pp. 325, 360–362, digitized version .
- ↑ Tamerlan Thorell: Aracnidi Artrogastri Birmani raccolti da L. Fea nel 1885-1887. In: Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 1889 , Volume 27, pp. 521–729, here pp. 588–590 digitized .
- ^ Ferdinand Karsch: Scorpionological contributions. I. In: Mitteilungen des Münchener Entomologische Verein 1879, Volume 3, No. 1, pp. 6–22, here p. 20, digitized .
- ^ Karl Kraepelin: Revision of the scorpions. II. Scorpionidae and Bothriuridae. In: Yearbook of the Hamburg Scientific Institutions 1893, Volume 11 (published 1894), pp. 1–248, digitized .
- ^ Reginald Innes Pocock: Arachnida. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor & Francis, London 1900, pp. 97-98, digitized .
- ^ František Kovařík: A review of the genus Heterometrus, p. 4.
- ^ HWC Couzijn: Revision of the genus Heterometrus. In: Zoologische Verhandelingen 1981, Volume 184, No. 1, pp. 1–196 (also dissertation, University of Leiden 1981), here pp. 117–120, online PDF , 18.6 MB.