Hiddensoer Künstlerinnenbund

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The Hiddensoer Künstlerinnenbund - often also referred to as the Hiddenseer Künstlerinnenbund - was an association of women painters on the island of Hiddensee who had already made a name for themselves in the art world and came to the Baltic Sea from all over Germany to express their passion for motifs from Hiddensoe and the Waterkant - so the self-description - to dedicate. The Bund was not founded in 1922, as can be read in many sources, but in 1919. This is borne out by a note in the art news from November 15, 1919: “ Hiddensöe. A number of female painters have formed a Hiddensoe female artists' union. «

The spelling with "oe" or "öe" goes back to Scandinavian rulers. In the 13th century Hiddensee is mentioned as Hedinsey in the Edda (around 1270, chapter 23, verse 22) and also in the Knytlinga saga (around 1260). There the Danish King Waldemar I uses Hedinsey as a resting base for his troops in the fight against the residents of Rügen. On October 19, 1911, the district president of Stralsund officially decreed that the spelling should be "oe", which nevertheless never caught on.

Käthe Loewenthal : Dünenheide before Vitte (Hiddensee) , 1930

It was founded on the initiative of the painter Henni Lehmann , who formed the board together with Clara Arnheim and Elisabeth Büchsel . Käthe Loewenthal , Katharina Bamberg and Elisabeth Andrae were among the other members from the very beginning . Julie Wolfthorn , Anna Schirbaum , Helene Lottberg , Augusta von Zitzewitz , Bertha Dörflein-Kahlke , Marta Mischel , Martel Schwichtenberg , Margarete Macholz and Dorothea Stroschein came later, so that a total of 16 women belonged to the Hiddensoer Künstlerinnenbund .

The center of the artists' association was the art barn in Vitte next to Henni Lehmann's holiday home, which later became known as the Blue Barn . There the painters invited to joint works and exhibitions. Hiddensee - at the beginning of the 20th century the summer meeting place for Berlin's artistic avant-garde - thus also became a scene of modernity in matters of women's art . The association's painting guests included the Hamburg painter Elisabeth Büttner , who had acquired the witch's house in Vitte in 1915 , and her friend, Maria Ressel , who came from Vienna .

As serious painters committed to art, the members of the artists' union had to fight against the accusation of being “ painters ” - that is, women who tried their hand at the easel until they could marry appropriately. The painters explicitly distanced themselves from being referred to as “painters” because they viewed their work as serious art.

As early as 1933, in the early days of National Socialism , the artists' union perished. A number of women painters were considered Jewish regardless of their actual religious affiliation and had to leave the island: Henni Lehmann committed suicide in 1937, Clara Arnheim, Käthe Loewenthal and Julie Wolfthorn were persecuted and deported by the National Socialists . Others remained unmolested: Elisabeth Andrae died in November 1945. Elisabeth Büchsel, Katharina Bamberg and Dorothea Stroschein survived the Second World War and painted into old age. They could not revive the artists' union.

literature

• Ruth Negendanck : Hiddensee: the special island for artists. Edition Fischerhuder art book 2005, ISBN 978-3-88132-288-1 .
• Marion Magas: How the painters conquered the Baltic coast. Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-00-023779-9 .
• Katja Behling, Anke Manigold: The painting women. Intrepid female artists around 1900. Sandmann, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-938045-37-4 , pp. 35–44
• Angela Rapp: The Hiddensoer Künstlerinnenbund - We are not painters , Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-00038-345-8
• Irene Jung: Painters ready for the island , in: Hamburger Abendblatt , July 26, 2012

Web links

• Literature about Hiddensoer Künstlerinnenbund in the state bibliography MV
• http: //www.hiddensoer-künstlerinnenbund.de

Individual evidence

1. ^ Art News - Official Gazette of the Allgemeine Deutsche Kunstgenossenschaft, 4th year, issue 11 from November 15, 1919.
2. ↑ Carl Gustav Fabricius (Ed.): Documents on the history of the Principality of Rügen under the native princes. Stralsund 1843, p. 36, fn. 132.
3. ↑ Announcement of the District President of the Rügen District on the official spelling of the island of Hiddensoe, Official Journal No. 43 of October 19, 1911.
4. ↑ Friends with the artist Frido Witte , cf. Karl Ludwig Barkhausen: Frido Witte and Bertha Dörflein-Kahlke. An artist friendship . In: Nordelbingen 74, 2005, pp. 211-218.
5. ↑ See article Margarete Macholz in Stadtwiki Dresden.