Clara Arnhem

Clara Arnheim (left) with her sister Betty

Stolperstein , Uhlandstrasse 182, in Berlin-Charlottenburg

Fishermen patching nets on Hiddensee

Old fishing port in Vitte (Hiddensee)

Clara Arnheim , also Klara (born April 24, 1865 in Berlin ; † August 28, 1942 in Theresienstadt concentration camp ) was a German painter . She was one of those women in art who practiced painting as a profession. In the era of National Socialism persecuted as a Jew, she was in 1942 in the Holocaust murdered.

Life

Clara Arnheim was an art student a. a. by Franz Skarbina in Berlin and Edmond Aman-Jean in Paris and became a professional artist despite family and social opposition to women's emancipation . Her parents were the Jewish doctor Adolf Arnheim and his wife Friederike.

She was a member of the Lyceum Club Berlin , a member of the board of the Women's Art Association , a member of the Association of Berlin Artists and the German Association of Artists .

In 1914, on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of the Royal Academy of Graphic Arts and Book Industry in Leipzig , she took part in the International Exhibition of Book Industry and Graphics (BUGRA) with two graphics, for which she was awarded a gold medal.

During the summer on the island of Hiddensee in the early 1920s, she got together in Henni Lehmann's Blue Barn with Elisabeth Andrae , Käthe Löwenthal , Katharina Bamberg and Elisabeth Büchsel to form the “ Hiddensoer Künstlerinnenbund ” and exhibited together. With the transfer of power to the National Socialists and the ostracism of the artists as degenerate and the Jews as racially inferior , this was no longer possible after 1933.

Clara Arnheim, as Erwachsenene had been baptized a Protestant, was because of their Jewish origin disbarment and has been systematically harassed by the authorities, such as by their food stamps withheld. Parts of the Hiddensee neighborhood, however, showed solidarity with her and secretly took care of her. At the age of 77 years she was on 9 July 1942 by Berlin in that of the National Socialists called Theresienstadt ghetto deported where she was killed a few weeks later.

Her younger brother Fritz Arnheim was a historian and private scholar.

literature

• Clara Arnhem . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 5, Saur, Munich a. a. 1992, ISBN 3-598-22745-0 , p. 197.
• Ruth Negendanck : Hiddensee. The special island for artists. Atelier in the farmhouse, Fischerhude 2005, ISBN 978-3-88132-288-1 .
• Marion Magas: How the painters conquered the Baltic coast. Bloch, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-00-023779-9
• Katja Behling and Anke Manigold: The painting women. Intrepid female artists around 1900. Sandmann, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-938045-37-4
• Cornelia Matz: The organizational history of women artists in Germany from 1867 to 1933. Dissertation 2001, review by sehepunkte, issue 6 (2006), No. 10
• “Around us is a day of creation” From the artist colony to today. Kunstmuseum Ahrenshoop (ed.), Ahrenshoop 2013, ISBN 978-3-9816136-0-5 .
• Ilka Wonschik: "It was probably a different star we lived on ...": Artists in Theresienstadt. Hentrich & Hentrich, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-95565-026-1 .

Web links

Commons : Clara Arnheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Clara Arnheim in the catalog of the German National Library
• Literature about Clara Arnheim in the Landesbibliographie MV
• Entry in the central database of the names of Holocaust victims at the Yad Vashem memorial (with pictures)
• Special exhibition in the Heimatmuseum 2011 near Seebad Hiddensee
• Gabriela Jaskulla: The woman by the sea. A long night about the painter Clara Arnheim Deutschlandradio Kultur , September 24, 2011
• Anette Schneider: Calendar sheet Deutschlandfunk on the 75th anniversary of death.
• Images by Clara Arnheim on artnet

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Clara Arnheim . In: Gallery "The Panther" . September 16, 2011 ( galerie-der-panther.de [accessed November 29, 2016]).
2. ↑ Obituary in the name of Flora Arnheim , at holocaust.cz
3. ↑ ^{a b} Angela Rapp: The Hiddensoer Künstlerinnenbund - We are not Malweiber , Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-00038-345-8 . P. 55
4. ↑ Clara Arnheim - The Woman by the Sea died 75 years ago .
5. ↑ Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. The dictionary of persons . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-356-01301-6 , p. 274 .
6. ↑ kuenstlerbund.de: Full members of the German Association of Artists since it was founded in 1903 / Arnheim, Clara ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (accessed on February 27, 2016)
7. ↑ Katja Behling, Anke Manigold: The Malweiber. Intrepid female artists around 1900. Elisabeth Sandmann Verlag, Munich 2009, 3rd edition p. 42.