Hippsche reversible disc
The Hipp'sche Wendescheibe, also spelled Hipp'sche Wendescheibe , is a historical railway signal . The automatic and visual signal served as pre- and main signal .
description
This type of signal was developed by the inventor and watchmaker Matthäus Hipp and was first used in Winterthur in 1862 . The signal is named after him and was in use long before the wing signals.
The hip reversible disc is mounted on a hollow cast column. This carries a sheet metal disc about 1 m in size. Until 1877 this was painted red on both sides with a white border, later on one side red with a white diagonal bar and on the back white and black, partly as a chessboard, partly with a diagonal bar, or simply painted gray. The change in paint required a mechanical modification: to switch from one signal layer to the other, a quarter turn was required. After the conversion, the disc rotated once by 90 °, the other time by 270 °. Since then, the signal has had a unique front and back. Two small white disks or wings are mounted below the large disk and at right angles to it. They are white on both sides with a black diagonal line each or with black quarter segments (chessboard). The disc can be rotated and shows the approaching train either the red board, which signals "stop", or the two white wings, which allow "free travel". The small wing discs are primarily used to balance the wind forces, which reduces the necessary actuating force. The small wings also have the advantage of showing a positive travel signal. The hole in the middle of the large disc, which was used until around 1877, also had the task of compensating for wind forces. Because the hip reversible discs were often reused, such perforated discs often found a "second life" as pre-signals. The signals were generally arranged to the right of the track in the direction of travel. Apparatus installed after 1930 (all in second or third use) are on the left.
The drive works via a weight in the signal mast, which has to be re-opened after approx. 200 disc rotations. The signal is triggered electromagnetically with electricity from a battery (low-voltage electrical pulse) and works more reliably in storms and in winter than reversible windows that are operated with wire pulls. The current pulse always triggers the rotation of the disc in a clockwise direction.
It is also noteworthy that the hip reversible windows were equipped with electrical feedback of the signal position to the triggering station from the start .
This type of signal has been replaced by the light signals and has been almost completely replaced. Functional specimens are on museum railways, e.g. B. on the route of the Zürcher Oberland Steam Railway Association (DVZO), the Schinznacher Baumschulbahn (SchBB), the Blonay – Chamby Museum Railway (BC), the Furka Mountain Route Steam Railway (DFB) and the LOCORAMA railway adventure world in Romanshorn can be found.
The design as a distant signal was basically the same, the disc was (until 1935 green, then afterwards) orange instead of red and mostly only had a lantern on top that showed a double light via a mirror system. The last distant signal of this kind was in Bischofszell Stadt until February 13, 1975.
The Bridge at Wiesen (1926).
The hip reversible disk (top left on the edge of the picture) shows the train the narrow side or the small wings.
The last main signals worked on the Rhaetian Railway until May 20, 1987, where from 1904 almost the entire main network was gradually equipped with such entry signals, which were improved in some points. There were neither exit signals nor pre-signals; the turning windows were used exclusively to protect the station system, as their original name, "final signal" suggests. When the section block was set up, light signals were set up, now in the usual arrangement of entry pre-signal, entry signal combined with exit pre-signal, exit signal. A signal that had been shut down remained on the RhB Davos - Filisur route at the western end of the Wiesen Viaduct . Perhaps also because Ernst Ludwig Kirchner immortalized this signal in his painting The Bridge near Wiesen . Signals can be found as memorials in the area of the main workshop in Landquart (open to the public) and on Segantinistrasse in Chur .
Further signals can be found (2009):
at the clubhouse of the Oltener Modellbahnfreunde
- in the Kerzers / Kallnach Railway Museum next to the Ge 6/6 406 from 1921
- at Blonay station and between Blonay and Chantemerle on the Blonay – Chamby railway line (functional)
- at the Bäretswil station on the Bauma side of the DVZO ( Steam Railway Association Zurich Oberland ) since 1982 (functional)
- in Romanshorn in the railway adventure world LOCORAMA (functional monument)
- on the route of the Schinznacher Baumschulbahn , SchBB (functional)
- on the Furka mountain line steam train as an entrance signal to Realp station (functional)
- in Thurgau at the railway station Bischofszell Stadt of the SBB (as a memorial, not at the original location)
- at the steam railway Katzensee (functional)
- at Siemens Integrasquare in Wallisellen
swell
- Walter Keller: The Hippsche reversible disk. In: Railway amateur. No. 1, January 1970, Volume 24, Pages 5-8.
- Rudolf W. Butz: Hip Hip, Hurray, The Hippsche reversible disk in the model. In: Railway magazine. September 7/89, pages 24-29.
- Rudolf W. Butz: Signals of the Swiss Railways. Orell Füssli Verlag, Zurich 1972, ISBN 3-280-00080-7 .
- Merian, Albert: Matthias Hipp 1813–1893 and the Hipp'sche turning disc. In: Schwarz Brätt. Integra Nachrichten, Wallisellen, (1978) 1, pages 4-11. (pdf)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Descriptions des machines et procédés pour lesquels des brevets d'invention ont été pris… Paris, 84 (1876) XII, pp. 30–34 .
- ↑ Hipp's electrical signal disc for railways. In: Polytechnisches Journal . 165, 1862, pp. 107-112.
- ↑ Schinz, Albrecht E .: About the influence of the wind on the direction of the signal discs. In: Mitteilungen der Naturforschende Gesellschaft in Bern, 561–563 (1864) pp. 65–76.
- ↑ Katzensee steam train