High vineyard

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Johann Bernhard Schultz's view of Berlin from 1688 shows the Hohen Weinberg as a clear elevation north of the newly founded Dorotheenstadt at the gates of Berlin.
The Hohe Weinberg was near the Charité hospital and the former Royal Prussian powder factory. Detail from the Berlin map of Rhode , 1772.
The restaurant "Der Sandkrug". On the right the high vineyard. Graphic by Friedrich August Calau, 1795.

The High Weinberg was in what is now the city of Berlin situated vineyard . It was demolished in 1848. The Humboldthafen is located there today .

The location of the high vineyard

The Hohe Weinberg was northwest of old Berlin in the so-called Jungfernheide . It was located a little south of the Heerweg from Spandau to Berlin, which reached the electoral residence city at the Spandauer Tor . On Johann Bernhard Schultz's view of Berlin from 1688, the mountain (with a house on its summit) can be seen on the left edge of the map as a clear elevation north of the Spree (see illustration).

Viticulture in Berlin

In the Middle Ages, wine was also grown in northern Germany. The transport routes to other countries were poor, and the wine was tasted better with a variety of spices. In Prussia, viticulture was practiced for over seven hundred years and at times gained considerable importance in economic life. In the area around Berlin there were other vineyards in addition to the Hohen Weinberg. Today street names are reminiscent of the earlier viticulture (such as Weinmeisterstraße and the subway station of the same name in Berlin-Mitte). Wine is still grown in Berlin today in favorable southern locations.

The owners of the Hohen Weinberg

In the 16th century, General Superintendent Agricola Eisleben , an employee of Martin Luther , owned the Hohen Weinberg and transformed it into a profitable property. His son Johann Agricola Eisleben jun. was mayor of Berlin from 1575 to 1594. In the 17th century, the Great Elector acquired the Hohen Weinberg. In 1698 his daughter-in-law Sophie Charlotte , the wife of Elector Friedrich III. (later King Frederick I ), the vineyard to the royal lackey François Menadier (or Menardier) on a long lease. It remained in his family until 1757. It was therefore also called "Menadier'scher Weinberg". In the 18th and 19th centuries the site was still privately owned.

Excursion destination

The Hohe Weinberg was a popular destination for Berliners. That is why there was a restaurant on the top of the mountain. From there one had a wide view over the Jungfernheide and over the nearby powder factory to the " tents " in the zoo. At the foot of the mountain there was another inn, the " Sandkrug ", whose garden invited guests to linger.

The construction of the Humboldthafen

As part of the construction of the Berlin-Spandau shipping canal , the Berlin Humboldthafen was built in 1847. The Hohe Weinberg was demolished in 1848 to create the port. When, 35 years later, the route of the Stadtbahn was built with a somewhat unsystematic meandering through the city, the necessity arose to cross the basin of the Humboldhafen almost at right angles with a railway bridge, precisely where the Hohe Weinberg had previously been. This railway bridge still exists today in a modified form. The area of ​​the former Hohen Weinberg and the Humboldthafen has belonged to the city of Berlin since 1861.

literature

  • Michael Braun: Railway bridges over the Humboldthafen in Berlin, 125 years in service. In: Structural Engineering. Vol. 84, No. 8, 2007, ISSN  0932-8351 , pages 587-596.
  • Ernst Fidicin : Berlin presented historically and topographically. Berlin 1843.
  • Hans Jahn: Berlin in the year of the death of the great elector. Explanations of the perspective plan by Johann Bernhard Schulz from 1688. In: Writings of the Association for the History of Berlin. Issue 55, Berlin 1935.
  • Friedrich Nicolai : Description of the royal royal cities of Berlin and Potsdam, all the peculiarities located there, and the surrounding area. (4 volumes). Berlin 1786.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ E. Fidicin: Berlin presented historically and topographically. Berlin 1843, pp. 82 and 112.
  2. ^ Vineyards in Berlin. Wine inspection Berlin, August 6, 2007, archived from the original on October 11, 2008 ; accessed on September 7, 2015 .
  3. ↑ Wilmersdorfer Teufelströpfchen
  4. ^ Volkspark am Weinberg
  5. ^ Hans Jahn: Berlin in the year of death of the great elector. Explanations of the perspective plan by Johann Bernhard Schulz from 1688. In: Writings of the Association for the History of Berlin. Issue 55, Berlin 1935, p. 34 f.
  6. ^ Friedrich Nicolai: Description of the royal royal cities of Berlin and Potsdam, of all the peculiarities located there, and the surrounding area. Berlin 1786, vol. 1, p. 57.
  7. ↑ Michael Braun: Railway bridges over the Humboldthafen in Berlin, 125 years in service. In: Structural Engineering. Vol. 84, No. 8, 2007, ISSN  0932-8351 , pages 587-596.

Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ′ 32 ″  N , 13 ° 22 ′ 20 ″  E