Hor I.
Name of Hor | ||||||||||||||||
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Horus name |
Ḥtp-jb-t3wj Who satisfies the heart of both countries |
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Sideline |
Nfr-ḫˁw Perfect in appearances |
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Gold name |
Nfr-nṯrw Most perfect of the gods |
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Throne name |
3w (t) -jb-Rˁ Joy of Re |
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Proper name |
Ḥr. (W) Horus |
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Royal Papyrus Turin (No. VII 17) |
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Hor I was an ancient Egyptian king ( Pharaoh ) of the 13th Dynasty ( Second Intermediate Period ), who lived around 1732 BC. Ruled. His reign is unknown. Due to the few finds that prove him as ruler, this cannot have been very long.
Tomb
Hor was born in the district of the pyramid of Amenemhet III. buried directly north of the pyramid . His grave was discovered in a shaft grave by Jacques de Morgan in 1894 . This consisted of the actual shaft and the burial chamber extending from it.
The ruler's mummy lay in an undecorated sarcophagus and an inner wooden coffin covered with sheet gold. Next to it was a box with the king's insignia . The wooden Ka statue of the king was also found here, which used to be covered with stucco and gold leaf . The statue is now one of the highlights in the Cairo Egyptian Museum. The mummy of Hor also had a once gilded mask, but the covering had been removed by grave robbers . The body was only preserved as a skeleton . The ruler's canopic box was with the throne name of Amenemhet III. sealed. This initially gave rise to the assumption that Hor was a son of Amenemhet III. could be who ruled with this and died before him. Later researchers assume, however, that the said seal, which was still in use in the 13th Dynasty, came from the necropolis administration , because Hor lies next to the pyramid of Amenemhet III.
Outside of his grave, the ruler is hardly documented. It appears on a pad from Tanis together with the Horus name Chabau, an otherwise poorly documented ruler, and is also known from a small plaque in Berlin and a labeled vessel lid. A fragment of a faience tile with his name was found in El Lisht .
literature
- Jürgen von Beckerath : Investigations into the political history of the second intermediate period in Egypt. Glückstadt / New York 1964, pp. 44–45, 234–235 (XIII 14)
- KSB Ryhold : The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period, 1800–1550 BC (= Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications Vol. 20) Museum Tusculanum Press, Copenhagen 1997, ISBN 87-7289-421-0 , pp. 339–340 ( File 13/15)
- Thomas Schneider: The Relative Chronology of the Middle Kingdom and the Hyksos Period (Dyns. 12-17). In: Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, David A. Warburton (eds.): Ancient Egyptian Chronology (= Handbook of Oriental studies. Section One. The Near and Middle East. Volume 83). Brill, Leiden / Boston 2006, ISBN 978-90-04-11385-5 , pp. 168-196 ( online ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dating from Thomas Schneider: Lexikon der Pharaonen. Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3 .
- ↑ Inventory number of the Egyptian Museum, Cairo: Journal d'Entrée (JdE) 30948.
- ↑ Egyptian Museum Berlin, inventory number 7670.
- ^ Dieter Arnold: The Pyramid Complex of Amenemhat I at Lisht. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 2016, ISBN 978-1-58839-604-4 , p. 59, plate. 93.
predecessor | Office | successor |
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Renseneb |
Pharaoh of Egypt 13th Dynasty |
Amenemhet VII |
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Hor I. |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | ancient Egyptian king of the 13th dynasty |
DATE OF BIRTH | 18th century BC Chr. |
DATE OF DEATH | 18th century BC Chr. |