Gold name
| Gold name in hieroglyphics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd dynasty |
Horus ( neb-taui ) ... Ḥr. (W) (nb-t3.w (j)) ... "Horus (Lord of the Two Lands) ..." |
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The gold name (also Goldhorusname ) is one of the five names in the ancient Egyptian royal titular. This designation and also the meaning of the name is still insufficiently clarified.
origin
The king was probably equated by the gold name with the sun , which symbolically sailed as a falcon in the representation of two falcon wings across the sky in a ship or a barque . The usual sign for the gold Horus name therefore consists of a falcon ( Horus ) sitting on the hieroglyph for gold ( nebu - nbw ).
The Gold Horus name is documented as an additional official title from Djoser in the 3rd dynasty from later sources. However, the gold name can only be proven contemporary on monuments of King Sneferu . The title was generally introduced by the falcon sitting on the necklace, although this spelling remained the same until the Middle Kingdom .
Later interpretations
In Greek times , from which the Rosette stone comes, it is seen as the victory of Horus over his hostile brother Seth . But this interpretation does not correspond to the less warlike forms of this name in the older royal titles of the pharaohs of Egypt back to the 11th dynasty . In connection with the title of Thutmose III. says the king: "He ( Amun ) designed me as bik-en-nebu" ( bjk-n-nbw , "falcon of gold"). And his co-regent, Hatshepsut , calls herself "Hor-ent-dam" ( Ḥr-nt-d3m , "the Horus (female) of Fein-Gold"). Based on the term “golden room” for the pharaoh's tomb in the New Kingdom , “gold” is also interpreted as a synonym for eternity. Therefore, the gold Horus name may have an analogous meaning, expressing the wish that the king may be an "eternal Horus".
See also
literature
- Jürgen von Beckerath : Handbook of Egyptian King Names (= Munich Egyptological Studies . Vol. 49, ZDB -ID 500317-9 ). 2nd, improved and expanded edition, von Zabern, Mainz 1999, ISBN 3-8053-2591-6 (This directory includes all occurring king names in hieroglyphic and hieratic texts in drawings and inscriptions as well as information on the king's stitular).
- Hans Bonnet : Goldhorus. In: Hans Bonnet: Lexicon of the Egyptian religious history. 3rd, unchanged edition, Nikol, Hamburg 2000 ISBN 3-937872-08-6 , pp. 216f.
- Wolfgang Helck , Eberhard Otto : Small Lexicon of Egyptology. 4th, revised edition, Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1999, ISBN 3-447-04027-0 .
- Alan Gardiner : Egyptian Grammar. Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs. 3rd edition, reprint. Griffith Institute - Ashmolean Museum, Oxford 2007, ISBN 978-0-900416-35-4 .
- Thomas Schneider : Lexicon of the Pharaohs. Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3 .