Hordeolum
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
|---|---|
| H00.0 | Hordeolum and other deep inflammation of the eyelid |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
A hordeolum (from Latin hordeum ' barley ' ) or German Gerstenkorn (Middle Bavarian, Austrian: Gerschtl , Swiss German: Ürseli , Gritli , “Werle”, Austrian: Wern ) is a mostly purulent inflammation of the glands of the eyelids ( blepharitis ) in the form of an abscess with breakthrough inwards or outwards.
With an external hordeolum, the pus penetrates to the outside and the minor glands (sweat glands) or Zeis glands (sebum glands) are affected. In the case of a hordeolum internum , the pus penetrates inwards, here the meibomian glands ( sebum glands on the edge of the eyelid) are infected. The painless chalazion (hailstone), which is a chronic granulomatous inflammation of the meibomian glands, must be distinguished from the hordeolum .
root cause
The stye is usually due to a staph - ( Staphylococcus aureus in 90 to 95 percent of all cases), rarely by a streptococcus - infection caused. In itself it is a harmless infection. However, if these inflammations occur more frequently, this indicates either a weakened immune system - caused for example by diabetes mellitus or immunosuppression - or a constant re-infection, for example by rubbing the eyes with infected hands. Risk factors are chronic blepharitis , poor hygiene, wearing contact lenses or make-up, as well as stress, drafts and / or cigarette smoke.
Symptoms
Rapid inflammation, painful and purulent swelling, and local redness are the symptoms of stye. The conjunctiva can also be affected and appear swollen and red ( conjunctivitis ). In deep-seated infections ( internal hordeolum ), the edge of the eyelid can bulge. Patients may also have a fever . Lid abscesses , orbital phlegmons (the inflammation spreads to the whole eye) or thrombosis are rare complications .
therapy
A stye is mostly harmless, but if left untreated or through a belated incision, it can lead to eyelid phlegmon . A chronic, relapsing course (hordeolosis) can be an indication of a previously undiscovered diabetes mellitus .
Disinfectant and antibiotic ointments at night and eye drops (e.g. gyrase inhibitors , bibrocathol ) during the day can help reduce the swelling and clear the infection. Common active ingredients include neomycin and gentamicin .
As part of self-medication, dry heat, e.g. B. using red light or thermal goggles with subsequent smearing of the liquefied secretion using an eyelid massage can be helpful, but with a red light lamp - twice a day for 5 to 10 minutes with your eyes closed - you should ensure a distance of at least 50 cm from the light source. It is not recommended to use warm, moist compresses, especially with chamomile tea, as non-sterile solutions could get further germs into the eye and chamomile has an additional allergenic potential. With warm, moist bandages and hot compresses there is also the risk of softening the skin. This can spread the germs that caused the infection. Since the pathogens are transmissible, general hygiene measures should be observed, such as avoiding the use of shared towels.
If the stye does not break up on its own after a while and there is severe swelling, fluctuations or a severe increase in pain, an ophthalmologist should open the stye by making a puncture ( incision ).
Differentiation from hailstone
A hailstone is caused by a blocked sebum gland ( meibomian gland and gland ducts) on the eyelid . They arise slowly and cause less pain and discomfort than a stye. They can cause conjunctivitis from the pressure and friction between the eyelid and the conjunctiva . A hailstone is often the result of chronic inflammation on the edge of the eyelid. A hailstone can then form through a stye.
literature
- Albert J. Augustin: Ophthalmology. Springer, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-30454-8 .
- Franz Grehn: Ophthalmology. 30th edition. Springer, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-540-75264-6 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Th. Axenfeld (conception), H. Pau (ed.): Textbook and atlas of ophthalmology. With the collaboration of R. Sachsenweger and others Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-437-00255-4 , p. 155 ff.
- ^ Hans-Ulrich Comberg and Hans-Dieter Klimm: Essentials general medicine. Intensive training course . Thieme, Stuttgart 2004, p. 347, ( limited preview in the Google book search).
- ↑ Entry on barley grain in Pharmawiki , accessed on January 28, 2017.
- ↑ Claudia Bruhn: Self-medication: Look closely! Advice on eye complaints , Deutsche Apothekerzeitung , DAZ 2014, No. 34, p. 46, August 21, 2014; accessed on October 20, 2018
