Hrómundartindur
| Hrómundartindur | ||
|---|---|---|
 Area of Hrómundartindur behind Hveragerði |
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| height | 561 m | |
| location | Iceland | |
| Coordinates | 64 ° 4 ′ 0 ″ N , 21 ° 13 ′ 0 ″ W | |
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| Type | Stratovolcano | |
| Last eruption | Pleistocene | |
| Normal way | from the south side | |
| particularities | Part of the so-called Hengill Triple Junction | |
 Hut in the Hrómundartindur area |
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The Hrómundartindur volcano is located in the southwest of Iceland in the municipality of Grímsnes og Grafningur . The volcano is located between Lake Þingvallavatn and Hveragerði . It reaches a height of 561 m.
The Hrómundartindur volcanic system
Connection with Hengill
It has long been included in the Hengill system, but it has now been established that it apparently has its own magma chamber . So it is a central volcano with its own volcanic system.
Eruption story
Hengill and Hrómundartindur were formed during cold phases under glaciers of the Ice Age. Both erupted in the Holocene as well.
Hrómundartindur produced both basic (pillow) lavas and andesitic rock.
The cinder cone Tjarnarhnjúkur , which belongs to the same system , last erupted about 9,000 years ago. He produced a few fields of basaltic pahoehoe lavas , which clogged the drainage of a small glacial lake, a predecessor of today's lake Þingvallavatn .
High temperature areas
High temperature areas are at its foot and partly on its slopes as well as the neighboring mountain Tjarnarhnúkur . The central hot spring area is called Ölkelduháls and lies at its foot on the Hellisheiði plateau . But the sources of the Klambragil Valley also belong to this system.
Hengill Triple Junction
The active volcanic zone in the west of Iceland makes a bend here, whereby the volcanic systems of the Brennisteinsfjöll still belong to the WO direction, those of the Hengill to the SW-NE-oriented volcanic chain. At the same time, the active rift zone is located here and meets the southern transform zone , which extends eastwards to the eastern volcanic zone with Hekla and Mýrdalsjökull , is often shaken by earthquakes and is criss-crossed by numerous crevasses.
In the southeast the Grensdalur volcano system borders on that of the Hrómundartindur.
The area around the Hrómundartindur with the adjacent volcanic systems Hengill and Grensdalur is subject to constant change, as it lies directly on the rift zone of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge .
This has been clearly seen in the last few years in bulges in the system, which became particularly apparent after 1994 and in 2000, and in the strong earthquakes in summer 2008, a series of earthquakes that continued in April 2009 with greatly reduced force.
Hiking in the area
There are numerous marked hiking trails on these mountains and around them to the small lakes of Kattartjörn .
See also
Web links
Video
Scientific Article
- Hrómundartindur in the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution (English)
- Earthquakes measurements and bulge in the area of Hrómundartindur (English)
- To the Reykjanes Peninsula, Amy Clifton, Univ. Iceland (English, PDF file)
- Overview of the so-called Hengill Triple Junction, Meteorol. Inst., Iceland
- Research into earthquakes in the area of the Hengill Triple Junction (PDF file)
- ISOR: On the Hengill volcanic field (PDF file)
Individual evidence
- ↑ z. B. sees it as Thor Thordarson as an independent volcanic system, cf. Thor Thordarson, Armann Hoskuldsson: Iceland - Classic Geology in Europe 3. Harpenden 2002, p. 76
- ↑ Some researchers also speak of the Hengill volcanic field as a larger unit of connected volcanic systems, cf. Gylfi Páll Hersir, ea: Exploration and development of the Hengill Geothermal Field. ISOR, 2009 http://www.os.is/gogn/unu-gtp-sc/UNU-GTP-SC-09-22.pdf, accessed on January 22, 2011
- ↑ Thor Thordarson, Armann Hoskuldsson: Iceland. Classic Geology in Europe 3. Harpenden 2002, p. 76
- ↑ cf. z. B. http://www.agu.org/journals/ABS/1997/97JB00892.shtml Freysteinn Sigmundsson: The 1994–1995 seismicity and deformation at the Hengill triple junction, Iceland: Triggering of earthquakes by minor magma injection in a zone of horizontal shear stress. Abstract.
- ↑ cf. z. B. BBC News: Strong earthquake rocks Iceland. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7426369.stm
- ↑ cf. z. B. - ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Icelandic with map) accessed: October 11, 2010, whereby you can of course also walk parts of the suggested route or take another longer hike e.g. B. According to the proposal of the energy company Orkuveita Reykjavíkur: http://wayback.vefsafn.is/wayback/20090814045446/www.or.is/English/EnergyandEnvironment/Oursites/Trail6/ (English) accessed: October 11, 2010
