Horseshoe Ragwort
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Horseshoe ragwort ( Ophrys ferrum-equinum ), Peloponnese |
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The horseshoe Ragwurz ( Ophrys ferrum-equinum ) is a plant from the genus Ragwurzen ( Ophrys ) within the family of orchid (Orchidaceae).
description
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Vegetative characteristics
Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. ferrum-equinum is a deciduous, perennial , herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 30 centimeters. Plant tubers are formed as persistence organs .
On the lower part of the stem there are up to eight lanceolate basal leaves .
Generative characteristics
The flowering period extends from March to April. In Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. ferrum-equinum , the terminal inflorescence contains only two to eight flowers.
The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and threefold. The pink-red, rarely whitish sepals (sepals) are usually directed somewhat backwards. The dark red petals are narrowly triangular in shape and very finely haired. The dark brown or dark purple lip is rounded, rarely it is weakly three-lobed. On the back edge you can find thick, short and dark hair. A small appendix can be seen in front. The purple to gray-blue mark is in the middle of the lip. It can be in the shape of a horseshoe or consist of two isolated points. The basal calluses appear blackish.
ecology
In Ophrys ferrum-equinum is a deciduous tubers geophytes .
Occurrence
The distribution area is in the eastern Mediterranean . One finds Ophrys ferrum-equinum in the south of Albania , on the Greek mainland and in Anatolia . Ophrys ferrum-equinum occurs in sparse pine forests , garrigues and on poor grasslands with soils rich in bases . In the mountains you can find Ophrys ferrum-equinum up to an altitude of 1000 meters.
Systematics
The first description of Ophrys ferrum-equinum was made in 1807 by the French botanist René Desfontaines Louiche in Annales du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle , Volume 10, page 226. The specific epithet ferrum-equinum means "horseshoe".
A greater number of varieties and subspecies of Ophrys ferrum-equinum have been described, all of which varieties and some subspecies are considered synonyms .
There are only subspecies (as of 2011):
- Mandalya ragwurz, Amorgos ragwurz ( Ophrys ferrum-equinum Desf. Subsp. Ferrum-equinum , syn .: Ophrys andracnitis Bory & Chaub. , Ophrys aranifera subsp. Parnassica (Vierh.) Soó , Ophrys argolica subsp. Mandalyana ( B. Baumann & H.Baumann) Kreutz , Ophrys corinthiaca Hausskn. , Ophrys labiosa Kreutz , Ophrys lesbis var. Mandalyana ( B. Baumann & H.Baumann) P.Delforge , Ophrys × moreana subsp. Dornheckeri F.Fohringer , Ophrys ferrum-equinum var. anafiensis Biel , Ophrys ferrum-equinum var. labiosa (Kreutz) Hennecke , Ophrys ferrum-equinum var. minor Biel , Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. convexa B. Baumann & H.Baumann , Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. labiosa (Kreutz) Kreutz , Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. Mandalyana B. Baumann & H.Baumann ): It occurs from Albania via the Cyclades , Sporades and the Aegean islands to southern and southwestern Turkey . Megachile parietina was observed as a pollinator .
- Ophrys ferrum-equinum subsp. gottfriediana (Renz) E. Nelson (Syn .: Ophrys gottfriediana Renz , Ophrys spruneri subsp. gottfriediana (Renz) Soó , Ophrys ferrum-equinum var. gottfriediana (Renz) Biel , Ophrys ferrum-equinum var. pseudogottfriediana Paulus ): She comes in Greece and islands in the Aegean Sea at altitudes from 0 to 700 meters.
literature
- Karl-Peter Buttler : Orchids, the wild species and subspecies of Europe, the Middle East and North Africa . Mosaik Verlag 1986, ISBN 3-570-04403-3 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ophrys ferrum-equinum at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed May 17, 2020.
- ↑ a b c d e H. Æ. Pedersen, N. Faurholdt, 2007: Ophrys. The Bee Orchids of Europe , pp. 1-297. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Ophrys ferrum-equinum. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 17, 2020.
- ↑ a b Helmut Baumann , Siegfried Künkele and Richard Lorenz: Orchids of Europe with adjacent areas. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 2006, pp. 152-154.
