Hurricane Karl (1998)
| Category 2 hurricane ( SSHWS ) | ||
|---|---|---|
.JPG) |
||
| Emergence | September 23rd | |
| resolution | September 28th | |
|
Peak wind speed |
|
|
| Lowest air pressure | 970 mbar ( hPa ; 28.7 inHg ) | |
| dead | no reported | |
| Property damage | no | |
|
Affected areas |
on the high seas | |
| Season overview: 1998 Atlantic hurricane season |
||
Hurricane Karl was one of four hurricanes that were active simultaneously in the Atlantic Ocean on September 26, 1998 . The eleventh tropical storm with a name in the 1998 Atlantic hurricane season developed from an extra-tropical low pressure area that was first noticed off the coast of the Carolina states. The depression organized atmospheric convection and was classified as a tropical depression on September 23. Karl was a small storm that initially wandered east before turning in an east-southeast direction. The hurricane peaked in Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale and swept away in a northeastern direction on September 26. Increased wind shear led to the fact that Karl weakened and turned into an extra-tropical cyclone on September 28th. As a tropical system, it stayed far away from land, so neither damage nor casualties from the storm were reported.
Storm course
Hurricane Karl originated in a small, non-tropical depression that formed off the coast of North and South Carolina on September 21st. The deep convection organized better on September 23, and the system was classified as the eleventh tropical depression of the season when it was west-northwest of Bermuda . Initially, it was assumed that Karl's origin was related to the residual depth of the tropical storm Hermione , which was not confirmed later. When the depression formed, it was the tenth tropical system to have formed in the Atlantic Basin in 35 days. Lying on a frontal weather line, the system was rapidly moving east from the east coast of the United States . Satellite imagery indicated that the center of circulation was under convection; the band structures developed better and in the course of September 23, the low pressure area was upgraded to a tropical storm. Around this time, Karl changed his direction of migration from an easterly to an east-southeast direction.
The small cyclone Karl slowed its forward movement on September 24th while it intensified continuously. During the day it reaches a region with westerly and northwesterly wind shear, which partially separated its center from its convection area. Even so, a symmetrical cloud pattern gradually began to form and at 12:00 UTC, Karl was declared a hurricane. The predictions at this point in time assumed that Karl would be in the lowest hurricane category for about twenty-four hours before stronger wind shear caused the storm to weaken.
An extensive trough at medium and high altitudes drove Karl accelerated to the northeast. A small, well-defined eye formed late on September 26 , and the storm peaked with winds of 165 km / h as a Category 2 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale on September 27 at 12:00 am UTC . The eye remained clearly visible for about six hours before the storm began to weaken due to wind shear and satellite imagery indicated that the storm would lose its tropical properties. The deep convection was restricted to the areas north and northwest of its center and the ground-level center was separated from the center of cloud circulation. Karl weakened to a tropical storm at 0:00 UTC on September 28 when he was west-northwest of the Azores . In the course of the day, Karl became extra-tropical over cooler water and the circulation center detached itself from the convection. The extra-tropical residual low could be traced into the area south of Ireland until September 29th .
Impact, naming and records
On September 26, 1998, Hurricane Georges was on the Florida Straits , Hurricane Ivan was on its loop in the northern Atlantic that would bring it back into the Gulf of Mexico , and Hurricane Jeanne was between West Africa and the Lesser Antilles . Thus, Karl was one of four simultaneous hurricanes in the Atlantic basin. It was the first time this had happened again since August 22, 1893, with a fourth hurricane possibly also existing on September 11, 1961. Because Karl remained far from land as a tropical storm, no property damage or loss of life was reported in connection with him. There are also no reports of indirect impacts on land or from ships affected by the hurricane. No storm warnings were issued for the coast during the existence of the hurricane. When the Elf Tropical Depression was named Karl , it was the second time that the name had been used. In the absence of damage, the name was not removed from the list of names of tropical cyclones . It was reused in 2004 and for the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Max Mayfield: Hurricane Karl Tropical Cyclone Report ( English ) National Hurricane Center. 1998. Retrieved December 9, 2008.
- ^ Rappaport: Tropical Depression 11 Discussion Number 1 ( English ) National Hurricane Center. 1998. Retrieved December 9, 2008.
- ↑ Guiney: Tropical Depression 11 Discussion Number 2 ( English ) National Hurricane Center. 1998. Retrieved December 9, 2008.
- ^ Rappaport: Tropical Storm Karl Discussion Number 4 ( English ) National Hurricane Center. 1998. Retrieved December 9, 2008.
- ^ Rappaport: Tropical Storm Karl Discussion Number 5 ( English ) National Hurricane Center. 1998. Retrieved December 9, 2008.
- ↑ Large: Hurricane Karl Discussion Number 8 ( English ) National Hurricane Center. 1998. Retrieved December 9, 2008.
- ↑ Jarvinen: Hurricane Karl Discussion Number 15 . National Hurricane Center. 1998. Retrieved December 9, 2008.
- ^ Rappaport: Hurricane Karl Discussion Number 16 ( English ) National Hurricane Center. 1998. Retrieved December 9, 2008.
- ↑ Worldwide Tropical Cyclone Names ( English ) National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved December 10, 2008.