Ida from Toggenburg
Ida von Toggenburg (* approx. 1140 ; † approx. 1226 ) (also: Idda , Ita von Fischingen, Itha , Itta , Ydda , Judith and Gutta ) is venerated as a saint , especially in Switzerland .
history
There is no written record of a cult in Fischingen Abbey before the 15th century. The early humanist Albrecht von Bonstetten wrote several vitae of saints. The oldest, in Latin, dates from 1481.
According to legend, Ida was the daughter of a Count of Kirchberg near Ulm and married to a Count of Toggenburg (after 1562 he was named Heinrich). According to the legend, a raven stole Ida's wedding ring. The ring was found in the bird's nest by a hunter. When her husband noticed the ring on the hunter's hand, he accused Ida of infidelity. He had the hunter killed and rushed Ida out of the window of his castle. Because of her innocence, however, she was miraculously saved by God. Later found in her hermitage, the error cleared up, but Ida wanted to continue dedicating her life to God as a hermit. Her repentant husband later had a hermitage built for her in the Au near Fischingen Monastery , where she died with a reputation for holiness.
In the 12th century there was an Ida who was married to a Diethelm von Toggenburg and a second marriage to Gottfried von Marstetten. It is doubtful whether she was a Countess of Homburg and founded the cult tradition through her saintly life.
Ida von Toggenburg is depicted as a nun, with the raven or the stag, whose antlers shine. He is said to have often led her to the monastery church. Her name day is November 3rd.
In 1496 a monumental table grave was dedicated to the newly established Fischingen monastery saint, who even ousted Our Lady from the monastery sigil in the 18th century. In 1580 an Ida brotherhood was founded.
The worship of Ida was limited to Fischingen and the surrounding area until 1600, when it spread to the county of Kirchberg . Ida is also the patron saint of the chapel of Bauen am Urnersee , where sant Itten Capel is first attested in 1561 ( Helmi Gasser in the Thurgauische Posts 1981).
In 1704 the legend of the Ida was supplemented by the Fischingen abbot Franz Troger with arbitrarily set dates: year of birth 1156, marriage 1179, rock fall 1191, stay near Fischingen 1218–1226. 1724 approved Pope Benedict XIII. her cult for the whole diocese of Constance . She is venerated to this day in the diocese of Basel as the patroness of runaway cattle.
A little south of Fischingen Abbey, on a 976 meter high mountain in the area of the Kirchberg community , there is a small pilgrimage site, St. Iddaburg (966 m).
Legends and reception
- A German-language Ida legend (after Bonstetten) was printed in the legend Der Heiligen Leben published by Sebastian Brant in 1510 (edited by Williams-Krapp in the magazine for the history of the Upper Rhine 1982, pp. 71-80).
- Froben Christoph von Zimmer reports in the Zimmerische Chronik (written between 1559 and 1566) of the counts of Kirchberg and of fraw Ita von Dockenburg, geporn countess of Kirchberg. (Zimmerische Chronik Volume 1, p. 346, the legend from page 352).
- As No. 513 (more recent count), the Brothers Grimm - based on the mention in the Swiss history of Johannes von Müller - included a short text about Ida in their German sagas .
- Ida von Toggenburg is the main character in Thomas Bornhauser's novel Ida von Tockenburg , which appeared in Schwäbisch Hall in 1840 .
- In the 19th century edifying writings appeared about Ida, including Itha, Countess of Toggenburg. A very beautiful and instructive story from the 12th century retold for all good people. A side piece to Genoveva . Regensburg 1880.
literature
- Historical-Biographical Lexicon of Switzerland. Vol. 4. Neuchâtel, 1927, p. 330
- Michael Tilly: Ida von Toggenburg, also: Idda, Itha, Itta, Ydda, Judith and Gutta. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 2, Bautz, Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-032-8 , Sp. 1251
- Bruno Meyer, Die Heiligen Ita von Fischingen, in: Thurgauische contributions to patriotic history 112 (1974/75), pp. 21–97, doi : 10.5169 / seals-585258 .
- David J. Collins: The Holy Recluses. In Reforming Saints: Saints' Lives and Their Authors in Germany, 1470-1530, pp. 51-74. Oxford Studies in Historical Theology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
- Werner William-Krapp: Ida of Toggenburg. In: Author's Lexicon . Volume IV, Col. 359-361.
Web links
- Erwin Eugster: Ida von Toggenburg. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Article in the Ecumenical Lexicon of Saints, unreliable
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bruno Meyer, Die Heiligen Ita von Fischingen, in: Thurgauische contributions to patriotic history 112 (1974/75), pp. 21–97
- ↑ St. Iddaburg
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ida from Toggenburg |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Ita von Fischingen; Idda from Fischingen |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swiss saint |
| DATE OF BIRTH | around 1140 |
| DATE OF DEATH | around 1226 |