Iona Timofejewitsch Nikittschenko

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
from left: AF Woltschkow , IT Nikittschenko and the British judge Norman Birkett

IONA NIKITCHENKO ( Russian Иона Тимофеевич Никитченко , scientific. Transliteration Iona Timofeevic Nikitčenko * 28. June 1895 in Tuslukow, Russian Empire (now Rostov Oblast , Russia ); † 22. April 1967 in Moscow ) was a Soviet judge during the Moscow show trials and at the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg at the Nuremberg trial of the main war criminals .

Life

Iona Timofejewitsch Nikittschenko worked in the mines of the Donets Basin from 1908 . There he joined the revolutionary movement . In 1914 he joined the RSDLP (B) . He took an active part in the formation of the Red Guard in Novocherkassk in 1917. From 1918 he fought in the civil war . The poet Dmitri Andreyevich Furmanov characterized him in his historical story Meuterei (German 1926), which describes the suppression of a coup in Alma-Ata .

He has been a judge since the civil war. From 1936 to 1938 Nikittschenko was a judge at Josef Stalin's show trials. Among other things, he was involved in the death sentences against Ivan Nikititsch Smirnow and Fritz David . One of his tenets was that judicial independence only "creates unnecessary delay". In the summer of 1945 he headed the Soviet delegation at the four-power conference in London and was next to Aron Naumowitsch Trainin to the signatories of the Four Power Agreement of August 8, 1945. In the fall of 1945, he took over for the International Military Tribunal in Berlin presided organizational around and clarify legal questions for Nuremberg.

Web links

Commons : Iona Nikitchenko  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ron Christenson: Political Trials in History. From Antiquity to the Present . Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick 1991, ISBN 0-88738-406-4 , p. 308.
  2. ^ Piers Brendon: The dark valley. A panorama of the 1930s . Knopf, New York 2000, ISBN 0-375-40881-9 , p. 473.
personal data
SURNAME Nikittschenko, Iona Timofejewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nikitčenko, Iona Timofeevič; Никитченко, Иона Тимофеевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet judge at the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg at the Nuremberg Trials
DATE OF BIRTH June 28, 1895
PLACE OF BIRTH Tuslukov , Russian Empire , today Rostov Oblast
DATE OF DEATH April 22, 1967
Place of death Moscow