Jalape
| Jalape | ||||||||||||
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Jalape ( Ipomoea purga ), illustration from Koehler 1887 |
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| Ipomoea purga | ||||||||||||
| ( Turner. ) Hayne |
Jalape ( Ipomoea purga , Syn. : Exogonium purga , Convolvulus purga , due to their laxative effect also Mexican Purgierwinde for distinguishing Convolvulus scammonia , the oriental Purgierwinde ) is a plant type from the genus of Morningglory ( Ipomoea ) from the family of wind plants ( Convolvulaceae ).
description
The Jalape is a perennial , herbaceous plant . The 5 to 11 cm long leaves are ovate to broadly ovate, thin and membranous. The leaf blade is pointed or rarely pointed towards the front, heart-shaped at the base, the leaf margin is entire.
The flowers blooming in December are single or in pairs. The hairless sepals are unevenly long, reach 4 to 9 mm in length, their shape is ovate, blunted towards the front and provided with a point. The crown is colored red-violet to pink-violet, the corolla tube is 7 to 8 cm long, the coronet is wheel-shaped to almost bell-shaped.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30.
distribution
The species occurs from southern Mexico to Panama .
use
Previously, the dried Jalapewurzelknollen or the extracted from them were resin (Jalap) as strong, drastically acting laxatives used. Due to the considerable side effects , such as B. cramp-like pain, its use is no longer recommended today. The pharmacologist Paul Trendelenburg wrote in 1926: The drastic laxatives “were mainly used during the 17th and 18th centuries, when people had exaggerated expectations of the healing effects of strong purges and did not shy away from them, including metallic poisons such as the stibiates for the dramatic evacuation of the To use gut has been in use a lot. ... The Japanese root came to Europe from Mexico around 1620. ... After high doses, the most severe bloody gastroenteritis occurs, which ... can cause death. ”The resin was also used in homeopathy .
Systematics
Within the genus of morning glories ( Ipomoea ), the species is classified in the Exogonium section of the subgenus Quamoclit .
literature
- Daniel F. Austin: Flora of Panama, Part IX: Family 164. Convolvulaceae . In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. Volume 62, pp. 157-224.
- Daniel F. Austin and Zosimo Huaman: A Synopsis of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the Americas . In: Taxon. Volume 45, Number 1, February 1996. pp. 3-38.
- Robert Zander : Zander concise dictionary of plant names. Edited by Fritz Encke , Günther Buchheim, Siegmund Seybold . 15th edition, corrected reprint of the 14th edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8001-5072-7 .
- Jonathan Pereira , Rudolf Buchheim : Handbuch der Heilmittelellehre. Volume 2, Leopold Voss, Leipzig 1848, p. 344 ff.
- Paul Trendelenburg : Basics of the general and special drug prescription. Vogel, Leipzig 1926.
- Ainley Wade (Ed.): Martindale - The Extra Pharmacopoeia. 27th edition. The Pharmaceutical Press, London 1977, ISBN 978-0-85369-114-3 , pp. 1337-1338.
- Otto Warburg : The flora. Volume 3, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1922, p. 150.
Individual evidence
- ^ Ipomoea purga at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Ipomoea - World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Last accessed on November 26, 2017.
- ↑ Lisa Takler: Volatile compounds and antimicrobial effects of selected resins and balms from A – J. Diploma thesis, Univers. Vienna, 2015, pp. 93–98, online . (PDF; 3.18 MB), from updata.univie.ac.at, accessed on November 1, 2016.
Web links
- Information on jalape. (engl.)