Isabella Arkadievna Grinevskaya

Isabella Arkadievna Grinevskaya

Isabella Arkadyevna Grinewskaja ( Russian Изабелла Аркадьевна Гриневская ) is the pseudonym of hatchets Friedberg ( Yiddish ביילע פֿרידבערג, Russian Бейлэ Фридберг ; May 3 ^{. Jul} / 15. May  1864 ^greg. In Grodno , † 1944 in Leningrad ), a Russian -jiddischen Poet and writer .

Life

Grinewskaja, daughter of the Jewish writer Abraham Schalom Friedberg , attended high school. She went to St. Petersburg to study , where she took advanced courses for women . She worked on the Brockhaus-Efron encyclopedia and began to write. In 1886 she married the Jewish writer Mordechai Spektor (1858–1925), who founded the magazine Hoyz-fraynd . The following year she and her husband went to Warsaw , where the couple separated.

Grinewskaja's first publication was the Yiddish stories Der yosem (The Orphan) and In der stremd in the first edition of Hoyz-fraynds (1888). This was followed by Nisht oyshaltn in the first edition of Yudishe biblyotek , Fun glik tsum keyver, a khosn oyf oystsoln (From happiness to the grave, a suitor pays) as a 28-page special edition in Warsaw in 1894 and 1895 Der raicher feter (The rich uncle). In the 1890s she lived in Odessa . Her literary activity in Russian began with translations. This was followed by poems , short stories, stage works and essays. In 1891 she published essays on India , Japan and Africa . In 1895 she published the stage work Perwaja Grosa (First Thunderstorm), which was followed by a series of one-act plays . She edited books, and her one-act plays were performed in St. Petersburg and the provinces. Under the pseudonym Tamarina , she herself appeared on stage and gave acting and declamation lessons . In 1896 her Russian translation of the novel Un amour au pays des mages by A. de Saint-Quentin was published. Anthologies followed in 1900 and 1904. In 1905 she became a member of the repertoire council of the St. Petersburg N. N. Otradinaja Theater.

Best known were Grinewskaja's stage works Bab (1903, performed in the Theater of the Society for Literature and Art in St. Petersburg 1904) and Becha-Ulla (St. Petersburg 1912), which were dedicated to the religious founders Bab and Bahāʾullāh . The Bab was initially planned as a historical drama. In the course of her work, she became increasingly interested in the teaching of Babs and later became a follower of Baha'em . The time before the Russian Revolution in 1905 was favorable for the adoption of Babs' democratic social doctrine, which probably contributed to the success of the play. In 1903 Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy praised the piece in a letter and expressed his keen interest in the teachings of Babs and Bahāʾullāhs. In accordance with Grinewskaja's wishes, Friedrich Fiedler translated the two pieces into German . The translator Galperina worked on the translation into French . There is also a Tatar translation. The Armenian composer Grigor Sjuni created a work based on the piece Bab , which won him a first prize in a competition and was then confiscated .

In 1910, Grinevskaya went on a long journey to the Middle East as a Baha'i pilgrim . At Alexandria she met ʿAbdul-Baha ' , who, after reading her texts, exempted her plays from the rule that proclaimers of religion should not be brought on stage. On her trip, Grinevskaya kept a diary from which she regularly published extracts in newspapers in St. Petersburg and Odessa. The entire work was completed in 1914, but has not yet been fully published.

In 1915 Grinevskaya opened his own company and in 1916 produced the film Igra Slutschaja ( Game of Chance ). After the October Revolution , a collection of her poems appeared in 1922. In 1937 she wrote repeatedly to Yekaterina Pawlowna Peschkowa , asking for relief for the prisoners Yekaterina Sergejewna and Dimitri Nikolajewitsch Wesselowski. She also wrote directly to the Sevostoklag commandant on this matter. Although the activities of Baha'i groups had been banned in the Soviet Union since the 1920s, Grinevskaya remained a Baha'i contact in Leningrad . She died after the end of the Leningrad blockade . Her notes were published posthumously .

Grinevskaya had a daughter.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Yiddisch Leksikon: IZABELLA (1863–1938) (accessed on March 27, 2018).
2. ^ Isidore Singer, Cyrus Adler: The Jewish Encyclopedia: Morawczyk-Philippson . Funk & Wagnalls, 1905, p. 159 .
3. ↑ Гриневская (Изабелла Аркадьевна) . In: Brockhaus-Efron . Ia, 1905, p. 63 ( [1] accessed on March 28, 2018).
4. ^ Joanna Lisek: Feminist Discourse in Women's Yiddish Press in Poland . In: PaRDeS - Journal of the Association for Jewish Studies eV No. 16 , 2010, p. 92-116 .
5. ↑ Salman Travel : Leksikon fun of Yidisher literature, prese un filologye . Ṿilne: B. Ḳletsḳin, 1926.
6. ↑ Леоненко Е.В .: К истории создания драматической поэмы "Баб" Изабеллы Гриневской (accessed March 28, 2018).
7. ↑ Еврейская энциклопедия Брокгауза и Ефрона, Volume 6 (1909), 786: [2] (accessed on March 28, 2018).
8. ↑ Историческій вѣстник: историко-литературный журнал 19 (2), 1898.
9. ^ William P. Collins, Jan T. Jasion: Lev Tolstoi and the Bábí and Bahá'í Faiths - A Bibliography . In: Journal of Bahá'í Studies . tape 3 , no. 3 , 1991 ( [3] accessed on March 28, 2018 [PDF]).
10. ^ Graham Hassall: Notes on the Babi and Bahá'í Religions in Russia and its territories . In: Journal of Bahá'í Studies . tape 5 , no. 3 , 1993, p. 41–80 ( [4] (accessed March 28, 2018)).
11. ^ The Suni Project: Autobiography of Grikor Suni (accessed March 28, 2018).
12. ↑ Ежегодник Рукописного отдела Пушкинского Дома на 2009–2010 годы . St. Petersburg 2011, p. 1102-1103 .
13. ↑ Ходатайство И. А. Гриневской (О ВЕСЕЛОВСКОМ Д. Н. - в ПОМПОЛИТ) (accessed March 28, 2018).
14. ↑ Ежегодник рукописного отдела Пушкинского Дома, 2014.
15. ^ Uri Jerzy Nachimson: The Polish Patriot: True story . July 1, 2014 ( [5] accessed on March 28, 2018).