Isidore Goudeket

Isidore Goudeket
The Dutch gymnastics team at the 1908 Olympic Games with Isidor Goudeket (presumably third from the right)
Personal information
Nationality:	Netherlands
discipline	Apparatus gymnastics
Society:	Spartacus Amsterdam
Birthday:	August 1, 1883
Place of birth:	Amsterdam , Netherlands
Death day:	July 9, 1943
Place of death:	Sobibor extermination camp , Generalgouvernement Poland

Isidor Goudeket (born August 1, 1883 in Amsterdam ; died July 9, 1943 in the Sobibor extermination camp ) was a Dutch gymnast.

biography

Isidor Goudeket was born in Amsterdam to Simon Warradijn (1854–1909) and his wife Rebecca (1956–1943); he had a sister, Jeanette (1893-1943) and a brother, Isaac, called Jacques (1882-1943). Isidore was a diamond cutter by profession, his passion was gymnastics . Shortly after his bar mitzvah , he became a member of the Jewish gymnastics association Gymnastiek Vereeniging Spartacus , which was founded in 1886. At the age of 17 he had shown his skills in the Concertgebouw and the Theater Carré and had already traveled abroad with a gymnastics club. Together with his friend Emanuel Brouwer , he was one of the best gymnasts in Amsterdam. From 1905 the two men started for the Amsterdamse Turn Bond . The following year Goudeket married Esther Weening (born 1886). The couple moved into an apartment in the same house in Jodenbuurt where Brouwer's parents lived. Their daughter Elise was born in 1908 and their son Simon in 1910.

In 1908 Goudeket and Brouwer were nominated for the 1908 Olympic Games in London , their coach Jan de Boer was the supervisor of the 20-strong gymnastics team; de Boer himself also started. The first competitions took place on July 11th at Shepherd's Bush Stadium , the venue of the local soccer club Shepherd's Bush FC . Goudeket came in 62nd, his friend Brouwer in 64th. In the team competition, the Dutch took seventh and last place.

Two years later, an international gymnastics festival took place in Brussels on the occasion of the world exhibition there. The Dutch team won first prize on horizontal bars , parallel bars and horses and received an honorary award for their freestyle. On the evening of August 14, 1910, a fire broke out in one of the main pavilions. Goudeket, Brouwer and nine teammates from Spartacus helped in the general panic (it was 150,000 people were on the premises) as many visitors to escape the fire, which also some wild animals had escaped from a pavilion where Belgium 's colony Congo had presented. A Belgian newspaper reported on the "eleven heroic Jews who protected numerous people against tigers, lions and crocodiles that had broken out".

In the 1920s Isidor Goudeket ran a thriving children's furniture business, was able to leave the poor Jewish quarter with his family and move to a better, more spacious apartment in the De Pijp district . After the stock market crash in 1929 , the Goudekets moved to Antwerp , where he again worked as a diamond cutter. Because of the move, he had to give up his post as Spartacus treasurer after many years . He had to stop doing gymnastics because his legs were partially paralyzed after a stroke in 1923. But his children shared his passion for gymnastics.

When the Netherlands and Belgium were occupied by the German Wehrmacht in May 1940 , the Goudeket family returned to Amsterdam. In March 1941, Isidor Goudeket had to register as a “Jew” according to Regulation 06/1941 and pay a fee of one guilder for this. While his neighbors and teammates were deported from the Spartacus (the club had been banned since 1941), including his fellow Olympian Jonas Slier , Goudeket was initially released because he worked in the diamond industry. However, he always had two packed suitcases standing behind the front door. In the course of a major raid on June 20, 1943, Esther and Isidor Goudeket were taken from their apartment and deported from Muiderport to Westerbork . Two weeks later, on July 6, 1943, they were deported to Sobibor , where they were murdered in the gas chambers as soon as they arrived .

The son Simon Goudeket, who was a violinist , lived in Antwerp from 1928 . On November 3, 1942, he was deported from Mechelen to Auschwitz . His death was never officially recorded; after the war, the Dutch Ministry of Justice set June 1, 1945 as the date of death. Presumably he died before February 28, 1943. The daughter Elise (1908–1974) was the only one of her family to survive the end of the war; she was in hiding with her daughter. Her husband Adam Montanjees died on April 3, 1945 in Bergen-Belsen , Isidor's mother Rebecca had died in Amsterdam in 1943 at the age of 89 - presumably a natural death. Emanuel Brouwer was spared deportation because he was married to an " Aryan " woman, but was forced by the Nazi authorities to be sterilized ; he died in 1954. At least ten members of the Goudeket family were murdered in the Holocaust .

Four members of the 1908 Olympic gymnastics team - Goudeket, Abraham de Oliveira , Abraham Mok and Jonas Slier - were murdered in the Holocaust. In total there were 16 Dutch Olympic participants who fell victim to the Nazi terror, more than any other country.

In 2009 the great-grandchild of Emanuel Brouwer, the sports writer Erik Brouwer , published the book Spartacus. De familiegeschiedenis van twee joodse olympiers on the history of the Goudekets and the Brouwers. The book was awarded the best sports book of the year by the Dutch Nico Scheepmaker Beker in 2009 .

literature

• Erik Brouwer: Spartacus. De family divorce is van twee joodse olympiers . LJ Veen, ISBN 978-90-204-1071-6 .

Web links

• Isidor Goudeket in the Sports-Reference database (English; archived from the original )

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Isidore Goudeket. In: sobiborinterviews.nl. Retrieved November 17, 2018 . 
2. ↑ gymnastics - joodsamsterdam. In: joodsamsterdam.nl. Retrieved November 17, 2018 (Dutch). 
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Isidore Goudeket. In: Sobibor Interviews. Retrieved November 16, 2018 . 
4. ↑ ^{a b} Simon Goudeket. In: joodsmonument.nl. June 13, 1910, Retrieved November 17, 2018 (Dutch). 
5. ↑ Maarten Couttenier: Congo tentoongesteld. ACCO, 2005, ISBN 978-9-033-45770-8 , p. 237 ( limited preview in Google book search).
6. ↑ Estafette: Verstokte rokers verstikte, crocodile dillen. In: bruzz.be. November 1, 1910, accessed November 17, 2018 (Dutch). 
7. ↑ Een sportboek met een verschrikkelijke afloop. In: volkskrant.nl. December 12, 2009, accessed November 17, 2018 (Dutch). 
8. ↑ Rebecca Goudeket-Warradijn. In: joodsmonument.nl. Retrieved November 17, 2018 (Dutch). 
9. ↑ Olympic gymnastics championships. In: 4en5meiamsterdam.nl. Retrieved November 17, 2018 (Dutch). 
10. ↑ Prijs voor book over family divorce is Joodse olympiërs. In: historiek.net. April 27, 2010, accessed November 17, 2018 (Dutch).