Islamic Turkestan Party

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Turkiston islom partiyasi
Flag of Turkistan Islamic Party.svg
Party leader Zeydin Yusup (1988–1990)
Hasan Mahsum (1997–2003)
Abdul Haq al-Turkistani (2003–2010)
Abdul Shakur al-Turkistani (2010–2012)
Abdullah Mansur (2013–2014)
founding 1988
Alignment Jihadism , Islamism , Turkish nationalism

The Turkistan Islamic Party ( usb. Turkiston islom Partiyası (TIP) , English Turkistan Islamic Movement (TIM) ) is a Central Asian Islamist party , (also known as Ziauddin Yusuf) by Zeydin Yusup was founded in 1988 and also under the names of Islamic Party of Turkestan and Turkestan Islamic Party is known. Short forms are the Turkestan Party and Turkestan Party . The latter term comes from one of the predecessor organizations.

In China there is a sub-organization of the party called the Islamic Party of East Turkestan , which is banned in China. It is also banned in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan .

aims

The main goals of the Islamic Turkestan Party are:

  • Reintroduction of the Arabic alphabet and the renewed connection of Central Asia to the "Arab-Persian culture"
  • Reintroduction of the old literary language Tschagatai instead of today's individual languages ​​or the close adaptation of the individual languages ​​to this idiom .
  • Reorganization of Islam in Central Asia
  • Introduction of Sharia law
  • Repatriation of all non-Muslims from the region
  • Separation of Xinjiang from China and again the formation of an "Islamic Republic of East Turkestan"
  • Establishment of a “Central Asian Caliphate ”, as demanded by Hizb ut-Tahrir and which should initially include the states of Uzbekistan , Tajikistan , Kyrgyzstan and Xinjiang
  • Later incorporation of the states of Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan into the Central Asian Caliphate

languages

Three languages ​​are used in the Islamic Turkestan Party today: "Tschagatei" (a heavily Arabicized Uzbek for communication with members of other Turkic peoples ), Russian and Arabic. Russian and Arabic are used for communication with other Muslims in Russia who do not speak a Turkic language, and Arabic is also used for cooperation with al-Qaeda. In Xinjiang , the sub-organization of the Islamic Party of East Turkestan also uses a strongly Arabicized Uighur language that is adapted to Uzbek , which they also refer to as "Chagatai".

history

A Turkestan Islamic party was first formed in 1940. After his release from prison in 1979, founding member Abdul Hakeem Hasan Mahsum and other Uyghurs instructed the principles of fundamentalist Islam . Around 1988 this party was re-established, which referred to pan-Islamic traditions and - as the party in Russia (especially in Tatarstan ) - called the Islamic Party of Rebirth (PIW). As early as 1991/92 this party had around 20,000 members throughout Central Asia. The head of the Uzbek PIW section, Tahir Abduhalilowitsch Juldaschew, finally got to know Osama bin Laden and became his representative for Uzbekistan . Both met in neighboring Afghanistan , after the Uzbek government had expelled numerous PIW members from the Ferghana Valley .

The eponymous Turkestan party was founded in 1991 in the Ferghana Valley. It was under the strong influence of the PIW and partly in competition with it. Cooperation with the renewed Alash Party allowed the Turkestan Party to expand its activities to Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan . Regional offices of the party in Tajikistan were also set up. Above all, the Turkestan Party was regarded as the “contact point” between the radical Turkestan Muslims and al-Qaida: The Turkestan Party placed Muslim volunteers from Central Asia for the “armed struggle for freedom” of the “ Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan ”, which the Taliban proclaimed . For this, the party received financial support from al-Qaeda. In 1998 Yuldashev returned from Afghanistan and founded the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IBU). This was under the influence of the Muslim Brotherhood and was also financed by al-Qaeda. After all, it was considered the official arm of al-Qaeda in Uzbekistan and worked closely with the Turkestan Party. Many of the members of the IBU were also members of the Turkestan Party and vice versa. The IBU quickly had 10,000 members. In 1998/99 the Muslim Brotherhood was banned in Central Asia and their members joined regional nationalist parties.

In August 1999 the IBU openly called for jihad in Central Asia. This call resulted in the IBU being banned and the movement went underground. Numerous members went to Afghanistan and were trained there by the Taliban and al-Qaeda. With the merger of the former IBU, the Turkestan Party and other different organizations, the “Islamic Turkestan Party” was founded in June 2001.

The Islamic Turkestan Party has been banned in Russia since 2006 and now also in almost all Central Asian countries. The Islamic Turkestan Party has today essentially restricted its sphere of activity to the Uzbek heartland, the Chinese Xinjiang and Tajikistan. Nevertheless, the party seems to be firmly integrated into the organizational structures of al-Qaeda and is presumably also financed by al-Qaeda. The Islamic Turkestan Party maintains connections with separatist Uyghurs in exile around the world and works with exile organizations whose headquarters are in Turkey , Germany , Australia and the USA . 2005/06, the Turkistan Islamic Party joined with other successor organizations of the PIW in Pakistan's Waziristan along the "Islamic Jihad Union" (IJU), which the Taliban supported and al-Qaeda. The IJU has had a cell in Germany since 2007/08.

Around two weeks before the start of the Summer Olympics in China (2008), members of this party called on the Chinese central government to grant the Xinjiang Autonomous Region independence and warned Western tourists of bloody attacks.

Its offshoot has been militarily active in the Syrian Civil War since 2015 and plays a key role in the last territories held by jihadist groups around the city of Idlib .

literature

  • Berndt Georg Thamm: Jihad in Asia. The Islamist Danger in Russia and China , Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-3-423-24652-1
  • Roland Götz, Uwe Halbach: Political Lexicon GUS , Beck'sche series, Verlag CH Beck Munich 1992, ISBN 3-406-35173-5

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Data of the party chairmanship
  2. ↑ https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/DE/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02002R0881-20151010&from=DE
  3. ^ CCTV International. Retrieved August 17, 2018 .
  4. ↑ Terror list with links to al-Qaeda unveiled. Retrieved August 17, 2018 .
  5. ^ John Pike: East Turkistan Liberation Organization (ETLO). Retrieved August 17, 2018 .
  6. ^ Islamic groups banned in Kyrgyzstan Archived 2007-09-26 at the Wayback Machine. Central Asia Caucasus Institute
  7. ^ A. Acharya, R. Gunaratna, W. Pengxin: Ethnic Identity and National Conflict in China Springer 2010. S. 53 ff.
  8. ↑ Berndt Georg Thamm: The Jihad in Asia , p. 51
  9. ^ Roland Götz and Uwe Halbach: Political Lexicon GUS , p. 119
  10. ↑ Berndt Georg Thamm: ibid, pp. 55–56
  11. ↑ http://cns.miis.edu/archive/wtc01/imu.htm
  12. ↑ http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/imu.htm
  13. ↑ Berndt Georg Thamm: ibid, p. 201 (graphic)
  14. ↑ http://www.abendblatt.de/daten/2008/07/29/913559.html
  15. ^ Asia Times: Asia Times | Central Asian jihadis dig in for Idlib battle | Article. Retrieved June 26, 2019 .