Butylbenzenes
Butylbenzenes | ||||||||||||
Surname | n -butylbenzene | iso- butylbenzene | sec -butylbenzene | tert -butylbenzene | ||||||||
other names | 1-phenylbutane | 2-methyl-1-phenylpropane | 2-phenylbutane | 2-methyl-2-phenylpropane | ||||||||
Structural formula | ||||||||||||
CAS number | 104-51-8 | 538-93-2 | 135-98-8 | 98-06-6 | ||||||||
PubChem | 7705 | 10870 | 8680 | 7366 | ||||||||
Molecular formula | C 10 H 14 | |||||||||||
Molar mass | 134.22 g mol −1 | |||||||||||
Physical state | liquid | |||||||||||
Melting point | −88 ° C | −51 ° C | −75 ° C | −58 ° C | ||||||||
boiling point | 183 ° C | 173 ° C | 173 ° C | 169 ° C | ||||||||
density | 0.86 g cm −3 (20 ° C) | 0.85 g cm −3 (20 ° C) | 0.86 g cm −3 (20 ° C) | 0.87 g cm −3 (20 ° C) | ||||||||
Vapor pressure (20 ° C) | 1.3 hPa | 1.8 hPa | 1.33 hPa (19 ° C) | 2.2 hPa | ||||||||
Vapor pressure (30 ° C) | 2.33 hPa (25 ° C) | 4.08 hPa | ||||||||||
Vapor pressure (50 ° C) | 15 hPa | 15 hPa | 12.5 hPa | |||||||||
Vapor pressure (65 ° C) | 20 hPa | 25 hPa | 30 hPa | |||||||||
solubility | 14 mg l −1 (25 ° C) | 10 mg l −1 (25 ° C) | 17.6 mg l −1 (20 ° C) | 30 mg l −1 (25 ° C) | ||||||||
practically insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents | ||||||||||||
Flash point | 58 ° C | 48 ° C | 52 ° C | 44 ° C | ||||||||
Lower explosion limit (LEL) | 0.8 vol% | 0.8 vol% | 0.8 vol% | 0.8 vol% | ||||||||
44 g m −3 | 44 g m −3 | 44 g m −3 | 44 g m −3 | |||||||||
Upper explosion limit (UEL) | 5.8% by volume | 6.0 vol% | 6.9 vol% | 5.6 vol% | ||||||||
330 g m −3 | 335 g m −3 | 385 g m −3 | 310 g m −3 | |||||||||
Ignition temperature | 420 ° C | 425 ° C | 415 ° C | 445 ° C | ||||||||
Temperature class | T2 | |||||||||||
GHS labeling |
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H and P phrases | 226 | 304-226 | 226-302 | 226-304-332-315 | ||||||||
no EUH phrases | no EUH phrases | no EUH phrases | no EUH phrases | |||||||||
210 | 301 + 310-331-210 | 210 | 210-301 + 310-302 + 352-331 |
In chemistry, the butylbenzenes form a group of four aromatic hydrocarbons with all four variants of the butyl group as substituents on the benzene . Their different arrangement results in four constitutional isomers with the empirical formula C 10 H 14 . They also belong to the group of C 4 benzenes .
presentation
Starting from benzene achieved under catalysis with anhydrous aluminum chloride , the representation of tert -butylbenzene with 2-chloro-2-methylpropane ( tert -butyl chloride) as the electrophile in a Friedel-Crafts alkylation :
Web links
Commons : Butylbenzenes - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Entry on n-butylbenzene in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on March 14, 2018(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ a b butylbenzene data sheet from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 27, 2012 ( PDF ).
- ↑ Isobutylbenzene data sheet from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 27, 2012 ( PDF ).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Entry on isobutylbenzene in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on March 14, 2018(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Entry on sec-butylbenzene in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on March 14, 2018(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Entry on tert-butylbenzene in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on March 14, 2018(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ a b data sheet tert-butylbenzene from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on November 27, 2012 ( PDF ).
- ↑ CRC Handbook of Tables for Organic Compound Identification . 3. Edition. 1984, ISBN 0-8493-0303-6 .